

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
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Animal Testing Policy |


Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients used by this brand -- not the products -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.
| Ingredients used by this brand: | |
![]() | Cancer |
![]() | Developmental/reproductive toxicity |
![]() | Violations, restrictions & warnings |
![]() | Allergies/immunotoxicity |
![]() | Other concerns for ingredients used by this brand: Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes |
Product type(s) by this brand in Skin Deep: after sun product (1), facial moisturizer/treatment (1), moisturizer (1), sunscreen: SPF 15-30 (2), sunscreen: SPF greater than 30 (1), tanning oil (1)
| score | data gap | products * | concerns | |
| LECITHIN | 3 | 70% | 4 products | Multiple, additive exposure sources, Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns (NITROSAMINES) |
| ZINC OXIDE (NON-NANO) | 2 | 82% | 3 products | Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards |
| RETINYL PALMITATE | 5 | 68% | 3 products | Cancer, Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Biochemical or cellular level changes |
| TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO) | 1 | 81% | 3 products | Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes |
| TOCOPHERYL ACETATE | 4 | 81% | 5 products | Allergies/immunotoxicity, Contamination concerns (HYDROQUINONE) |
| LANOLIN | 4 | 71% | 1 products | Allergies/immunotoxicity |
| VANILLIN | 2 | 82% | 1 products | none identified |
| GLYCERIN | 2 | 74% | 4 products | Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards |
| SODIUM BENZOATE | 2 | 69% | 1 products | Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) |
| CETEARYL ALCOHOL | 0 | 93% | 1 products | none identified |
| COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT) OIL | 1 | 89% | 5 products | none identified |
| ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE) | 1 | 88% | 1 products | none identified |
| SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS (JOJOBA) SEED OIL | 1 | 87% | 4 products | none identified |
| EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS (EUCALYPTUS) LEAF OIL | 1 | 86% | 4 products | Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) |
| POTASSIUM SORBATE | 1 | 85% | 1 products | none identified |
| CAMELLIA OLEIFERA (TEA-OIL CAMELLIA) SEED EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | 5 products | none identified |
| CETEARYL OLIVATE | 0 | 100% | 1 products | none identified |
| COCO-GLUCOSIDE | 0 | 100% | 1 products | none identified |
| DAUCUS CAROTA SATIVA (CARROT) ROOT EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | 1 products | none identified |
| SORBITAN OLIVATE | 0 | 99% | 1 products | none identified |
| BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII (SHEA BUTTER) | 0 | 94% | 4 products | none identified |
| HELIANTHUS ANNUUS (SUNFLOWER) OIL | 0 | 94% | 5 products | none identified |
| THEOBROMA CACAO (CACAO) SEED BUTTER | 0 | 94% | 2 products | none identified |
| XANTHAN GUM | 0 | 94% | 3 products | none identified |
| BEESWAX | 0 | 93% | 1 products | none identified |
| PRUNUS AMYGDALUS DULCIS (SWEET ALMOND) OIL | 0 | 93% | 1 products | none identified |
| WATER | 0 | 0% | 4 products | innocuous |
* Product counts only include current formulations sold by this brand. The brand may have other discontinued formulations that use this ingredient. Clicking on the link "X products" will identify all product formulations by this brand that have used the ingredient.
*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Limited evidence of carcinogenicity | products that may be aerosolized (airborne) | TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO) |
| Cancer - limited evidence | RETINYL PALMITATE | |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | GLYCERIN, POTASSIUM SORBATE, SODIUM BENZOATE, TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, ZINC OXIDE (NON-NANO), VANILLIN |
*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at low doses | RETINYL PALMITATE | |
| One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses | GLYCERIN, VANILLIN | |
| One or more animal studies show developmental effects at high doses | ZINC OXIDE (NON-NANO) | |
| One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses | SODIUM BENZOATE |
*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics | RETINYL PALMITATE | |
| Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications | LECITHIN, SODIUM BENZOATE |
*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Known human immune system toxicant | LANOLIN | |
| Human immune and respiratory toxicant - strong evidence | ZINC OXIDE (NON-NANO) | |
| Human immune and respiratory toxicant - strong evidence | AND products that may be aerosolized (airborne) | LECITHIN |
| Human skin toxicant - strong evidence | TOCOPHERYL ACETATE | |
| One or more animal studies show immune effects at low doses | products that may be aerosolized (airborne) | TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO) |
*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife | ZINC OXIDE (NON-NANO) | |
| Not suspected to be persistent | ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE), CETEARYL ALCOHOL, EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS (EUCALYPTUS) LEAF OIL, GLYCERIN, LANOLIN, LECITHIN, POTASSIUM SORBATE, RETINYL PALMITATE, SODIUM BENZOATE, VANILLIN | |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT) OIL, HELIANTHUS ANNUUS (SUNFLOWER) OIL, TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, WATER | |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO) |
*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at very low doses | GLYCERIN, | |
| One or more animal studies show respiratory effects at very low doses | products that may be aerosolized (airborne) | TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO) |
| One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses | SODIUM BENZOATE | |
| Limited evidence of any toxicity | products that may be aerosolized (airborne) | ZINC OXIDE (NON-NANO) |
| Limited evidence of skin toxicity | RETINYL PALMITATE | |
| One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | POTASSIUM SORBATE, TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, VANILLIN | |
| One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE), SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS (JOJOBA) SEED OIL, COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT) OIL, | |
| One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | products for use around the eyes, mouth, or lips | EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS (EUCALYPTUS) LEAF OIL |
| Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful | BEESWAX, BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII (SHEA BUTTER), CETEARYL ALCOHOL, HELIANTHUS ANNUUS (SUNFLOWER) OIL, LANOLIN, LECITHIN, THEOBROMA CACAO (CACAO) SEED BUTTER, WATER, XANTHAN GUM, PRUNUS AMYGDALUS DULCIS (SWEET ALMOND) OIL |
*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available | LECITHIN | |
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE), BEESWAX, COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT) OIL, EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS (EUCALYPTUS) LEAF OIL, GLYCERIN, LANOLIN, LECITHIN, POTASSIUM SORBATE, RETINYL PALMITATE, SODIUM BENZOATE, THEOBROMA CACAO (CACAO) SEED BUTTER, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, XANTHAN GUM, ZINC OXIDE (NON-NANO), VANILLIN |
*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| One or more animal studies show significant but moderate pulmonary irritation at low doses | products that may be aerosolized (airborne) | TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO) |
| One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses | EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS (EUCALYPTUS) LEAF OIL | |
| One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses | GLYCERIN, ZINC OXIDE (NON-NANO) | |
| One or more animal studies show skin irritation at high doses | SODIUM BENZOATE |
*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO) | |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | ZINC OXIDE (NON-NANO) | |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses | GLYCERIN |
*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| One or more animal studies show respiratory changes at very low doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood | products that may be aerosolized (airborne) | TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO) |
| One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood | GLYCERIN, SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS (JOJOBA) SEED OIL, SODIUM BENZOATE | |
| Produces excess reactive oxygen species that can interfere with cellular signaling, cause mutations, lead to cell death and may be implicated in cardiovascular disease. | RETINYL PALMITATE |
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