SODIUM FLUORIDE
Anticaries Agent; Oral Care Agent; ANTIPLAQUE
Also listed as
SODIUM FLUORIDE (NAF) ; ALCOA SODIUM FLUORIDE; ANTIBULIT; CAVI-TROL; CHEMIFLUOR; CREDO; DISODIUM DIFLUORIDE; F1-TABS; FDA 0101; FLORIDINE; FLOROCID
Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to this ingredient -- not the products containing it -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.
| This ingredient: | |
 | Cancer |
| Developmental/reproductive toxicity |
| Violations, restrictions & warnings |
 | Allergies/immunotoxicity |
| Contamination concerns |
 | Other strong concerns for this ingredient: Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards |
| Other moderate concerns for this ingredient: Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Biochemical or cellular level changes |
|
See products containing SODIUM FLUORIDE | |
About SODIUM FLUORIDE: See "Regulatoryand Ingredient Use Information," regarding the labeling names for U.S. OTC Drug Ingredients in Volume 1, Introduction, Part A.
SODIUM FLUORIDE has reported used in the following product types: toothpaste (392); tooth whitening (160); mouthwash (56); breath fresheners (6); oral pain relief (3); moisturizer (1)
Neurotoxicity
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity | Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans | |
| One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at very low doses | RTECS®- Revue Medicale de Liege 1957 | |
| One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at very low doses | RTECS®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva 1993 | |
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Violations, restrictions & warnings
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics | Canada - Prohibited and Restricted Cosmetics Ingredients |
Developmental/reproductive toxicity
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Human nervous system toxicant - moderate evidence | Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans | |
| One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at very low doses | RTECS®- Reproductive Toxicology 1991 | |
| One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at very low doses | RTECS®- Fluoride 1992 | |
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Multiple, additive exposure sources
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available | FDA Everything Added to Food | |
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | FDA Food Additive Status |
Endocrine disruption
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| One or more studies show endocrine system disruption at low doses | RTECS®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva 1993 | |
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Cancer
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| One or more animal studies show tumor formation at low doses | RTECS®- IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man 1982 | |
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Occupational hazards
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to very low doses | European Union - Classification & Labelling | |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | European Union - Classification & Labelling | |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2006 | |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at very low doses | RTECS®- Revue Medicale de Liege 1957 | |
| One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at very low doses | RTECS®- U 1951 | |
| One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at very low doses | RTECS®- Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1972 | |
| One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at very low doses | RTECS®- Handbook of pesticide toxicology 2001 | |
| One or more animal studies show cardiovascular effects at very low doses | RTECS®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva 1993 | |
| One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at very low doses | RTECS®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva 1993 | |
| One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at very low doses | RTECS®- Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 2005 | |
| One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at very low doses | RTECS®- Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya 1980 | |
| One or more animal studies show musculoskeletal effects at very low doses | RTECS®- Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya 1980 | |
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Biochemical or cellular level changes
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at very low doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood | RTECS®- Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya 1980 | |
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Persistence and bioaccumulation
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List |
Data gaps
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| 1,825 studies on toxicity in PubMed see search results -> | PubMed |
Ecotoxicology
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List |
Miscellaneous
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Occupational hazards related to handling | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
Government, industry, academic studies and classifications
| government/industry list/academic study | appears on list as | classification(s) |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | SODIUM FLUORIDE | •Toxic •Toxic if swallowed •Irritant (eyes, skin, or lungs) •Irritating to eyes and skin •Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas |
| FDA Food Additive Status | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • Food additive: nutrient • PD/ILL • Food additive: must be in accordance with good manufacturing practices, or sufficient for purpose; or in quantity not greater than required • cross reference - Fluorine containing compounds |
| Canada - Prohibited and Restricted Cosmetics Ingredients | SODIUM FLUORIDE | •Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics |
| Canada - Prohibited and Restricted Cosmetics Ingredients | SODIUM FLUORIDE | •Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics |
| FDA Everything Added to Food | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • There is no reported use of the substance and there is no toxicology information available in PAFA. |
| Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | SODIUM FLUORIDE (NAF) | •This chemical was deemed a low human health priority and was NOT flagged by CEPA for further attention. The chemical was flagged for suspected persistence. |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | SODIUM FLUORIDE | •PEL (OSHA) - Permissible exposure limit (OSHA): 2.5 mg/m3, as F; •TLV (ACGIH) - Threshold limit value (ACGIH): 2.5 mg/m3, as F; •BEI - Biological Exposure Indices (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygiene, ACGIH): Fluorides in urine = 3 mg/g creatinine prior to shift or 10 mg/g creatinine at end of shift;; •Flammability (NFPA) - NFPA flammability code: 0 = will not burn; 1 = must be preheated; 2 = high ambient temp required; 3 = may ignite at ambient temp; 4 = burn readily: 0: will not burn; •IDLH (NIOSH) - Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health: 250 mg/m3, as F; •MAK - Maximum Allowable Concentration (Federal Republic of Germany): 2.5 mg/m3, as F, inhalable fraction; |
| Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans | FLUORIDE COMPOUNDS | •Known to be neurotoxic to humans, suspected developmental neurotoxin |
| Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | •Musculoskeletal toxicity hazards: suspected |
| Jankovic, J, 1996 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | •Developmental toxicity hazards: suspected |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2006 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • occupationally related - ACGIH TLV (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • occupationally related - ACGIH TLV (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden 1935 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (rabbit LDLo) |
| RTECS®- "Merck Index; an Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals", 11th ed 1989 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • musculoskeletal - Changes in teeth and supporting structures ( human LDLo) • musculoskeletal - Other changes ( human LDLo) • brain and nervous system - Tremor ( human LDLo) |
| RTECS®- "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku," Marhold, J 1972 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • sense organ - Primary eye irritant (rabbit ) |
| RTECS®- "Teratology," Berry, C 1975 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Skin and skin appendages (mouse TDLo) |
| RTECS®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva 1993 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • blood - Changes in serum composition (eg., TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) (rat TDLo) • biochemical - Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) (rat TDLo) • endocrine system - Hyperglycemia (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva 1993 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • cardiovascular - Arrhythmias (including changes in conduction) ( human LDLo) • cardiovascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section (rat TDLo) • biochemical - Glycolytic (rat TDLo) • gastrointestinal - Nausea or vomiting ( human LDLo) • brain and nervous system - Recording from peripheral motor nerve ( human LDLo) • kidney or renal system - Urine volume increased (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica 1965 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (monkey LD50) |
| RTECS®- Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 1987 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (wild bird species LD50) |
| RTECS®- Archives of Environmental Health 1974 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (cattle oth) |
| RTECS®- Archives of Environmental Health 1974 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (cattle oth) |
| RTECS®- Archives of Oral Biology 1972 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Extra-embryonic structures (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Archives of Toxicology 1993 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • metabolic - Ca (rabbit TDLo) • musculoskeletal - Other changes (rabbit TDLo) • metabolic - P (rabbit TDLo) |
| RTECS®- British Medical Journal 1936 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • respiratory - Cyanosis (woman TDLo) • sense organ - Ptosis (woman TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 1983 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • blood - Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count (rabbit TDLo) • blood - Changes in leucocyte (WBC) count (rabbit TDLo) • blood - Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells (rabbit TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 1986 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • biochemical - Lipids, including transport (rat TDLo) • gastrointestinal - Other changes (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Cancer Research 1984 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (hamster emb) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sister Chromatid Exchange (hamster emb) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Unscheduled DNA Synthesis (hamster emb) |
| RTECS®- Cancer Research 1984 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (hamster emb) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sister Chromatid Exchange (hamster emb) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Unscheduled DNA Synthesis (hamster emb) |
| RTECS®- Caryologia 1987 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (mouse ipr) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Micronucleus test (mouse ipr) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: sperm (mouse ipr) |
| RTECS®- Caryologia 1987 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (mouse ipr) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Micronucleus test (mouse ipr) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: sperm (mouse ipr) |
| RTECS®- Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales 1937 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (frog LDLo) |
| RTECS®- Cytologia 1987 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (hamster lng) |
| RTECS®- Cytologia 1987 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (hamster lng) |
| RTECS®- Cytology and Genetics (English Translation) 1982 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Mutation in Micro-organism (Salmonella typhimurium ) |
| RTECS®- Cytology and Genetics (English Translation) 1982 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Mutation in Micro-organism (Salmonella typhimurium ) |
| RTECS®- Environmental Research 1993 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • metabolic - Ca (rabbit TDLo) • gastrointestinal - Malabsorption (rabbit TDLo) • blood - Other changes (rabbit TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology (Elsevier Science, P 1998 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • biochemical - True cholinesterase (rat TDLo) • brain and nervous system - Changes in motor activity (specific assay) (rat TDLo) • blood - Other changes (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Experientia 1979 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: other mutation test systems (rat scu) |
| RTECS®- Experientia 1979 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: other mutation test systems (rat scu) |
| RTECS®- Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 2005 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • gastrointestinal - Decreased motility or constipation (mouse TDLo) • gastrointestinal - Hypermotility, diarrhea (mouse TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Fluoride 1982 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (mouse orl) |
| RTECS®- Fluoride 1992 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Male fertility index (mouse TDLo) • reproductive - Spermatogenesis (mouse TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Fluoride 1973 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sex Chromosome Loss and Nondisjunction (Drosophila melanogaster orl) |
| RTECS®- Fluoride 1982 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (mouse orl) |
| RTECS®- Fluoride 1973 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sex Chromosome Loss and Nondisjunction (Drosophila melanogaster orl) |
| RTECS®- Food and Chemical Toxicology 2001 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Other postnatal measures or effects (rat TDLo) • metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (rat TDLo) • brain and nervous system - Fluid intake (rat TDLo) • brain and nervous system - Food intake (animal) (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Food and Chemical Toxicology 2001 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Musculoskeletal system (rat TDLo) • reproductive - Urogenital system (rat TDLo) • metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (rat TDLo) • brain and nervous system - Fluid intake (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Food and Chemical Toxicology 2002 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Biochemical and metabolic (rat TDLo) • reproductive - Growth statistics (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Food and Chemical Toxicology 2001 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Biochemical and metabolic (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Food and Chemical Toxicology 2002 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Biochemical and metabolic (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Gigiena i Sanitariya 1974 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • metabolic - Ca (rat TDLo) • musculoskeletal - Other changes (rat TDLo) • biochemical - Phosphatases (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Gigiena Naselennykh Mest 1976 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sex Chromosome Loss and Nondisjunction (Drosophila melanogaster mul) |
| RTECS®- Gigiena Naselennykh Mest 1976 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sex Chromosome Loss and Nondisjunction (Drosophila melanogaster mul) |
| RTECS®- Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya 1980 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • musculoskeletal - Changes in teeth and supporting structures (rat TCLo) • biochemical - True cholinesterase (rat TCLo) • kidney or renal system - Other changes (rat TCLo) |
| RTECS®- Handbook of pesticide toxicology 2001 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • gastrointestinal - Changes in structure or function of salivary glands ( human TDLo) • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (child LDLo) • gastrointestinal - Nausea or vomiting ( human TDLo) • gastrointestinal - Other changes ( human TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Huanjing Kexue Xuebao 1983 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (mammal lng) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sister Chromatid Exchange (mammal lng) |
| RTECS®- Huanjing Kexue Xuebao 1983 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (mammal lng) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sister Chromatid Exchange (mammal lng) |
| RTECS®- IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man 1982 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • gastrointestinal - Other changes (mouse LD50) • cancer - skin tumor formations - equivocal (mouse TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Indian Veterinary Journal 1989 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • endocrine system - Death in the "U" data type field (domestic TDLo) • blood - Changes in serum composition (eg., TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) (domestic TDLo) • biochemical - Other proteins (domestic TDLo) |
| RTECS®- JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association 1933 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • respiratory - Cyanosis (woman LDLo) • gastrointestinal - Hypermotility, diarrhea (woman LDLo) • gastrointestinal - Nausea or vomiting (woman LDLo) |
| RTECS®- JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association 1923 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • brain and nervous system - Fluid intake (woman LDLo) • brain and nervous system - Muscle weakness (woman LDLo) • gastrointestinal - Nausea or vomiting (woman LDLo) |
| RTECS®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology 1985 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • biochemical - Dehydrogenases (rabbit TDLo) • blood - Other changes (rabbit TDLo) • biochemical - Other transferases (rabbit TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Journal of Economic Entomology 1968 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (rabbit LD50) |
| RTECS®- Journal of Environmental Biology 1992 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Male fertility index (rat TDLo) • reproductive - Spermatogenesis (rat TDLo) • reproductive - Testes, epididymis, sperm duct (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Journal of Nutrition 1971 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Post-implantation mortality (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Journal of Nutrition 1973 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Female fertility index (mouse TDLo) • reproductive - Other measures of fertility (mouse TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 1991 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Testes, epididymis, sperm duct (rabbit TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology 2001 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (mouse LD) |
| RTECS®- Mutagenesis 1986 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Mutation in Mammalian Somatic Cells (mouse lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutagenesis 1987 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis ( human lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutagenesis 1986 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Mutation in Mammalian Somatic Cells (mouse lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutagenesis 1987 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis ( human lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1984 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis ( human fbr) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Unscheduled DNA Synthesis ( human fbr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1984 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Unscheduled DNA Synthesis (hamster oth) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1986 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Unscheduled DNA Synthesis (rat lvr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1987 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Mutation in Micro-organism (mouse lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1988 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Mutation in Mammalian Somatic Cells ( human lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1989 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (hamster ovr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1992 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA Inhibition ( human fbr) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: other mutation test systems (hamster lng) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1993 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (mammal lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1995 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (rat bmr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1996 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Micronucleus test (hamster ovr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1996 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA Damage (rat lvr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1996 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (rat oth) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1984 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis ( human fbr) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Unscheduled DNA Synthesis ( human fbr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1984 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Unscheduled DNA Synthesis (hamster oth) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1986 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Unscheduled DNA Synthesis (rat lvr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1987 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Mutation in Micro-organism (mouse lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1988 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Mutation in Mammalian Somatic Cells ( human lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1989 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (hamster ovr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1992 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA Inhibition ( human fbr) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: other mutation test systems (hamster lng) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1993 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (mammal lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1995 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (rat bmr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1996 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Micronucleus test (hamster ovr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1996 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA Damage (rat lvr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1996 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (rat oth) |
| RTECS®- National Technical Information Service 8137 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • musculoskeletal - Changes in teeth and supporting structures (rat TDLo) • mutagenic - musculoskeletal tumor formations - equivocal (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series 1990 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • endocrine system - Death in the "U" data type field (mouse TDLo) • metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (mouse TDLo) • cancer - endocrine system tumor formations - equivocal (rat TDLo) • mutagenic - musculoskeletal tumor formations - equivocal (rat TDLo) • musculoskeletal - Other changes (mouse TDLo) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sister Chromatid Exchange (hamster ovr) |
| RTECS®- Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie 1936 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (mouse LDLo) |
| RTECS®- Neurotoxicology and Teratology 1995 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • blood - Changes in serum composition (eg., TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) (rat TDLo) • brain and nervous system - Other degenerative changes (rat TDLo) • brain and nervous system - Somnolence (general depressed activity) (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Neurotoxicology and Teratology 2001 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Musculoskeletal system (rat TDLo) • developmental - Uterus, cervix, vagina (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- New Zealand Veterinary Journal 1982 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (domestic LD50) • gastrointestinal - Hypermotility, diarrhea (domestic LD50) • brain and nervous system - Somnolence (general depressed activity) (domestic LD50) |
| RTECS®- Nippon Shonika Gakkai Zasshi 1969 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Musculoskeletal system (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1972 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (mouse LD50) |
| RTECS®- Oyo Yakuri 1968 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (rat LD50) |
| RTECS®- Reproductive Toxicology 1991 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Spermatogenesis (rat TDLo) • reproductive - Testes, epididymis, sperm duct (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Revue Medicale de Liege 1957 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • gastrointestinal - Changes in structure or function of salivary glands ( human TDLo) • brain and nervous system - Headache ( human TDLo) • gastrointestinal - Hypermotility, diarrhea ( human TDLo) • immune system - Increased immune response ( human TDLo) • brain and nervous system - Paresthesis ( human TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development 1994 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1961 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (rat LD50) • sense organ - Other (rat LD50) • sense organ - Tumors (rat LD50) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 1961 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • endocrine system - Death in the "U" data type field (rat TDLo) • metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (rat TDLo) • brain and nervous system - Food intake (animal) (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro 1988 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Morphological Transform (hamster emb) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro 1991 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis ( human oth) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro 1988 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Morphological Transform (hamster emb) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro 1991 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis ( human oth) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology Letters 1988 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • blood - Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count (mouse TDLo) • blood - Changes in leucocyte (WBC) count (mouse TDLo) • blood - Changes in serum composition (eg., TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) (mouse TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology Letters 1981 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • kidney or renal system - Other changes in urine composition (rat TDLo) • biochemical - Other transferases (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology 2000 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • liver - Other changes (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- U 1951 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (rat LD50) |
| RTECS®- Water Research 1980 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA repair (Bacillus subtilis ) |
| RTECS®- Water Research 1980 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA repair (Bacillus subtilis ) |
| RTECS®- Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi 1993 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Maternal-fetal exchange (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi 1995 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • biochemical - True cholinesterase (mouse TDLo) • blood - Other changes (mouse TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Yichuan 1986 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Micronucleus test (mouse orl) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sister Chromatid Exchange (mouse ipr) |
| RTECS®- Yichuan 1986 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Micronucleus test (mouse orl) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sister Chromatid Exchange (mouse ipr) |
| RTECS®- Zhonghua Binglixue Zazhi 1989 | SODIUM FLUORIDE | • reproductive - Behavioral (rat TDLo) • reproductive - Central nervous system (rat TDLo) |
references
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| RTECS®- Indian Veterinary Journal 1989 | RTECS®- Indian Veterinary Journal. (Dr. R. Krishnamurti, G.M.V.C., 8 Avenue Rd., Madras 600 034, India) V.1- 1924- 66,1089,1989 |
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| RTECS®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology 1985 | RTECS®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981- 5,11,1985 |
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| RTECS®- Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology 2001 | RTECS®- Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.19- 1982- 39,349,2001 |
| RTECS®- Mutagenesis 1986 | RTECS®- Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986- 1,157,1986 |
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| RTECS®- Mutagenesis 1987 | RTECS®- Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 2,497,1987 |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1984 | RTECS®- Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 139,193,1984 |
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| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1988 | RTECS®- Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- -1964 196,61,1988 |
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| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1993 | RTECS®- Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- -1964 301,183,1993 |
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| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1996 | RTECS®- Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- -1964 368,59,1996 |
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| RTECS®- National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series 1990 | RTECS®- National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- NTP-TR-393,1990 |
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| RTECS®- New Zealand Veterinary Journal 1982 | RTECS®- New Zealand Veterinary Journal. (New Zealand Veterinary Assoc., POB 524, Wellington, 1, New Zealand) V.1- 1952- 30,199,1982 |
| RTECS®- Nippon Shonika Gakkai Zasshi 1969 | RTECS®- Nippon Shonika Gakkai Zasshi. Journal of the Japanese Pediatrics Society. (Nippon Shonika Gakkai, 1-29-8 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.55- 1951- 73,1900,1969 |
| RTECS®- Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1972 | RTECS®- Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Nippon Yakuri Gakkai, c/o Kyoto Daigaku Igakubu Yakurigaku Kyoshitsu, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan) V.40- -1944 68(3),55P-74P,1972 |
| RTECS®- Oyo Yakuri 1968 | RTECS®- Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- -1967 2,411,1968 |
| RTECS®- Reproductive Toxicology 1991 | RTECS®- Reproductive Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1987- 5,505,1991 |
| RTECS®- Revue Medicale de Liege 1957 | RTECS®- Revue Medicale de Liege. (c/o Institute de Medicine, Rue Alex Bouvy, 13, 4020, Liege, Liege, Belgium) V.1- 1946- 12,408,1957 |
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| RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro 1988 | RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 2,103,1988 |
| RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro 1991 | RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 5,353,1991 |
| RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro 1988 | RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1987- 2,103,1988 |
| RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro 1991 | RTECS®- Toxicology In Vitro. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1987- 5,353,1991 |
| RTECS®- Toxicology Letters 1988 | RTECS®- Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- 44,21,1988 |
| RTECS®- Toxicology Letters 1981 | RTECS®- Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- 7,463,1981 |
| RTECS®- Toxicology 2000 | RTECS®- Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973- 146,161,2000 |
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| RTECS®- Water Research 1980 | RTECS®- Water Research. (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 0BW, UK) V.1- 1967- 14,1613,1980 |
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| RTECS®- Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi 1993 | RTECS®- Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi. Journal of Health Toxicology. (Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi Bianjibu, Dongdaqiao, Chaoyang Menwai, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.1- 1987 7,121,1993 |
| RTECS®- Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi 1995 | RTECS®- Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi. Journal of Health Toxicology. (Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi Bianjibu, Dongdaqiao, Chaoyang Menwai, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.1- 1987 9,139,1995 |
| RTECS®- Yichuan 1986 | RTECS®- Yichuan. Heredity. (China International Book Trading Corp., POB 2820, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.1- 1979- 8(5),39,1986 |
| RTECS®- Yichuan 1986 | RTECS®- Yichuan. Heredity. (China International Book Trading Corp., POB 2820, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.1- 8(5),39,1986 |
| RTECS®- Zhonghua Binglixue Zazhi 1989 | RTECS®- Zhonghua Binglixue Zazhi. (China International Book Trading Corporation, POB 2820, Beijing, The Peoples Republic of China) V.1-10, 1955-66. (Suspended 1967-81); V.11- 1982- 18,290,1989 |
"RTECS®" is a United States trademark owned and licensed under authority of the U.S. Government, by and through MDL Information Systems, Inc.
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