CHROMIUM
Colorant
Also listed as
CHROMIUM; CHROMIUM METAL; CHROMIUM, DISSOLVED; CHROMIUM (TOTAL) ; CR; PBDE-1; PBDE-2; PBDE-3; CHROME; CHROMIUM, METAL (ACGIH)
Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to this ingredient -- not the products containing it -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.
| This ingredient: | |
 | Cancer |
 | Developmental/reproductive toxicity |
| Violations, restrictions & warnings |
| Allergies/immunotoxicity |
| Contamination concerns |
 | Other strong concerns for this ingredient: Occupational hazards |
| Other moderate concerns for this ingredient: Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) |
 | Lesser or emerging concerns for this ingredient: Ecotoxicology, Data gaps |
|
See products containing CHROMIUM | |
About CHROMIUM: Chromium is a metallic element.
CHROMIUM has reported used in the following product types: eye shadow (6); anti-aging (1); mascara (1); facial moisturizer/treatment (1); blush (1); lip plumper (1)
Allergies/immunotoxicity
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Human immune and respiratory toxicant - strong evidence | Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics |
Cancer
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| One or more animal studies show tumor formation at very low doses | RTECS®- Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1955 | |
| show more | ||
Occupational hazards
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2005 | |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2006 | |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful | Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | |
| Classified as medium human health priority | Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | |
| show more | ||
Ecotoxicology
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Wildlife and environmental toxicity | EPA Clean Water Act - Priority Pollutants | |
| show more | ||
Data gaps
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel | ||
| 16,721 studies on toxicity in PubMed see search results -> | PubMed |
Government, industry, academic studies and classifications
| government/industry list/academic study | appears on list as | classification(s) |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | CHROMIUM, NOT HEXAVALENT | • ARS |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | CHROMIUM, NOT HEXAVALENT | • Asthmagen sensitizer |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | CHROMIUM, NOT HEXAVALENT | • Asthmagen sensitizer |
| EPA Clean Water Act - Priority Pollutants | CHROMIUM | •Priority water pollutant under the Clean Water Act |
| Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | CHROMIUM | •This chemical was deemed a moderate human health priority and was flagged by CEPA for further attention. The chemical was flagged for suspected persistence. |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | CHROMIUM; CHROMIUM METAL | •Toxic, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxics Release Inventory programs |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS -- TRI | •Toxic, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxics Release Inventory programs |
| A Relational Database of Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases, 1990 | CHROMIUM | •Respiratory toxicity hazards: suspected |
| US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center | CHROMIUM (III) | •Respiratory toxicity hazards: suspected |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2005 | CHROMIUM | • occupationally related - ACGIH TLV (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2006 | CHROMIUM | • occupationally related - ACGIH TLV (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 | CHROMIUM | • occupationally related - ACGIH TLV (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- Gigiena i Sanitariya 1972 | CHROMIUM | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (rat LD50) |
| RTECS®- Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1955 | CHROMIUM | • cancer - blood tumor formations - equivocal (rat TDLo) • cancer - gastrointestinal tumor formations - equivocal (rat TDLo) • cancer - Tumors at site of application (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Toxicologist 2003 | CHROMIUM | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA Damage ( human lng) |
| RTECS®- Toxicologist 2008 | CHROMIUM | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA Damage ( human lym) |
| RTECS®- Toxicologist 2003 | CHROMIUM | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA Damage ( human lng) |
| RTECS®- Zeitschrift fuer Krebsforschung 1942 | CHROMIUM | • cancer - musculoskeletal tumor formations - equivocal (rabbit TDLo) |
references
| government/industry list/academic study | reference |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | AOEC (Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics). 2009. AEOC exposures codes and asthmagen designation. |
| EPA Clean Water Act - Priority Pollutants | |
| Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry. |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1999. Toxics Release Inventory Program. PBT Chemical Rule. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | A Relational Database of Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases. Browse Haz-Map by Adverse Effects http://hazmap.nlm.nih.gov/hazmapadv.html, Nemery, B. Metal Toxicity and the Respiratory Tract. European Respiratory Journal. 3(2): 202-219. 1990.(Table 1: Summary of pulmonary toxicity of metals). |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center. Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants. http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/hapindex.html |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2005 | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2005 |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2006 | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2006 |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 |
| RTECS®- Gigiena i Sanitariya 1972 | RTECS®- Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- 37(10),27,1972 |
| RTECS®- Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1955 | RTECS®- Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60, 1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8. 16,447,1955 |
| RTECS®- Toxicologist 2003 | RTECS®- Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- -1981 72,219,2003 |
| RTECS®- Toxicologist 2008 | RTECS®- Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- 12,430,2008 |
| RTECS®- Toxicologist 2003 | RTECS®- Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- 72,219,2003 |
| RTECS®- Zeitschrift fuer Krebsforschung 1942 | RTECS®- Zeitschrift fuer Krebsforschung. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-75, 1903-71. For publisher information, see JCROD7. 52,425,1942 |
"RTECS®" is a United States trademark owned and licensed under authority of the U.S. Government, by and through MDL Information Systems, Inc.
Copyright © 2010 by Environmental Working Group
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