Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to this ingredient -- not the products containing it -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

This ingredient:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Contamination concerns
	Other moderate concerns for this ingredient: Neurotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
	See products containing D&C YELLOW 4

About D&C YELLOW 4: Acid Yellow 23 is classed chemically as a pyrazole color. See "Regulatory and Ingredient Use Information," for Colorants in Volume 1, Introduction, Part A. To identify the certified colorant for labeling purposes in the US, the INCI Name Yellow 5 must be used. To identify the colorant allowed for use in the Eur opean Union (EU), the INCI Name CI 19140 must be used, except for hair dye products. The INCI Name for batches of this colorant that have not been certified is Acid Yellow 23. To identify the colorant allowed for use in Japan, the INCI name Ki4 must be used.

This ingredient may be derived from animals. From PETA's Caring Consumer: Pigments from animal, plant, and synthetic sources used to color foods, cosmetics, and other products. Cochineal is from insects. Widely used FD&C and D&C colors are coaltar (bituminous coal) derivatives that are continously tested on animals due to their carcinogenic properties. Alternatives: grapes, beets, turmeric, saffron, carrots, chlorophyll, annatto, alkanet.

D&C YELLOW 4 has reported used in the following product types: facial cleanser (2); acne treatment (1)