ACID YELLOW 23 ALUMINUM LAKE || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

ACID YELLOW 23 ALUMINUM LAKE

Colorant; HAIR DYEING

SCORE

	6	moderate hazard to high hazard depending on product usage
	7	moderate hazard to high hazard depending on product usage
	73%	data gap
(why scores have changed)

Also listed as

ALUMINUM, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1- (4-SULFOPHENYL) -4- ( (4-SULFOPHENYL) AZO) -1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID; ALUMINUM INDIGO CARMINE; CI 19140:1; FOOD YELLOW 4:1; PIGMENT YELLOW 100; TARTRAZINE ALUMINUM LAKE; 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1- (4-SULFOPHENYL) -4- ( (4-SULFOPHENYL) AZO) -1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID ALUMINUM; TARTRAZINE AL LAKE; ALUMINUM, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1- (4-SULFOPHENYL) -4- [ (4-SULFOPHENYL) AZO] -1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID COMPLEX; C.I. 19140:1; C.I. PIGMENT YELLOW 100

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to this ingredient -- not the products containing it -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

This ingredient:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Contamination concerns
	Other moderate concerns for this ingredient: Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
	Lesser or emerging concerns for this ingredient: Data gaps
	See products containing ACID YELLOW 23 ALUMINUM LAKE

About ACID YELLOW 23 ALUMINUM LAKE: Acid Yellow 23 Aluminum Lake is an insoluble pigment composed of the aluminum salt of AcidYellow 23 (q.v.) extended on an appropriate substrate. See "Regulatory and Ingredient Use Information," for Colorants in Volume 1, Introduction, Part A. To identify the certified colorant for labeling purposes in the US, the INCI Name Yellow 5 Lake must be used. To identify the colorant allowed for use in th e European Union (EU), the INCI Name CI 19140 must be used, except for hair dye products. To identify the colorant allowed for use in Japan, the INCI name Ki4 must be used.

ACID YELLOW 23 ALUMINUM LAKE has reported used in the following product types: lipstick (4); lip plumper (3); lip gloss (2); blush (2); sunscreen: lip balm (1); concealer (1)

Violations, restrictions & warnings

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics		CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook

Neurotoxicity

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity		Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans

Developmental/reproductive toxicity

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Human nervous system toxicant - moderate evidence		Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Limited evidence of toxicity

products that may be aerosolized (airborne)

Klaassen, C

Data gaps

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel

Ecotoxicology

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin		Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List

Persistence and bioaccumulation

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative		Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List

Multiple, additive exposure sources

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		FDA Everything Added to Food

Government, industry, academic studies and classifications

government/industry list/academic study	appears on list as	classification(s)
FDA Everything Added to Food	FD&C YELLOW NO. 5, ALUMINUM LAKE	• Fully up-to-date toxicology information has been sought.
Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List	C.I. PIGMENT YELLOW 100	•This chemical was NOT flagged by CEPA for further attention. The chemical was flagged for suspected persistence.
CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook	ACID YELLOW 23 ALUMINUM LAKE	•Color Additives - Not approved by FDA for use in cosmetics
IFRA Fragrance Ingredient List	C.I. PIGMENT YELLOW 100	•The chemical has been reported as used in fragrance compounds by IFRA affiliated member companies in 2008.
Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans	ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS	•Known to be neurotoxic to humans, suspected developmental neurotoxin
Klaassen, C	ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS	•Respiratory toxicity hazards: suspected

references

government/industry list/academic study	reference
FDA Everything Added to Food	FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List	EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook	CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
IFRA Fragrance Ingredient List	IFRA (International Fragrance Assocication). 2010. IFRA Fragrance Ingredient List based on 2008 Use Survey. Accessed online 01/04/2010: http://www.ifraorg.org/Home/News/Latest-News/page.aspx/66?xf_itemId=43&xf_selectionDatapartId=25
Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans	Grandjean P and PJ Landrigan. 2006. Developmental neurotoxicity of industrial chemicals. Lancet. 2006 Dec 16;368(9553):2167-78.
Scorecard.org Toxicity Information	Klaassen, C., M. Amdur and J. Doull (eds.). Casarett and Doull

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