PETROLEUM NAPHTHA || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

PETROLEUM NAPHTHA

SCORE

	6	moderate hazard
	77%	data gap
(why scores have changed)

Also listed as

NAPHTHA; AMSCO H-J; AMSCO H-SB; BENZIN B70; BENZYNA DO LAKIEROW C (POLISH) ; HI-FLASH NAPHTHA; HYDROTREATED NAPHTHA; NAPHTHA; NAPHTHA (OSHA) ; NAPHTHA COAL TAR (OSHA) ; NAPHTHA, HYDROTREATED

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to this ingredient -- not the products containing it -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

This ingredient:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Contamination concerns
	Other strong concerns for this ingredient: Multiple, additive exposure sources, Occupational hazards
	Other moderate concerns for this ingredient: Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
	Lesser or emerging concerns for this ingredient: Endocrine disruption, Ecotoxicology, Data gaps

Cancer

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Possible human carcinogen

European Union - Classification & Labelling

Possible carcinogen

Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List

Multiple, additive exposure sources

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		FDA Everything Added to Food
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		FDA Food Additive Status

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Classified as a high human health priority

Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List

Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful

Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List

Persistence and bioaccumulation

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Persistent or bioaccumulative and moderate to high toxicity concern in humans

Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List

Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife

Canada PBTs - Accelerated Reduction/Elimination of Toxics (ARET)

Occupational hazards

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses

European Union - Classification & Labelling

Endocrine disruption

type of concern	product conditions	reference
One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses		RTECS^®- Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna 1988

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)

type of concern	product conditions	reference
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses		RTECS^®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology 1989

Ecotoxicology

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Suspected to be an environmental toxin and be persistent or bioaccumulative

Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List

Neurotoxicity

type of concern	product conditions	reference
nervous system - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study		National Library of Medicine HazMap

Data gaps

type of concern	product conditions	reference
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel
128 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical see search results ->		PubMed

Government, industry, academic studies and classifications

government/industry list/academic study	appears on list as	classification(s)
European Union - Classification & Labelling	NAPHTHA;;LOW BOILING POINT NAPHTHA;;[REFINED, PARTLY REFINED, OR UNREFINED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PRO-;DUCED BY THE DISTILLATION OF NATURAL GAS. IT CONSISTS OF HYDROCARBONS HAVING CARBON NUMBERS PREDOMINANTLY IN THE RANGE OF C5 THROUGH C6 AND BOILING IN THE R	•May cause cancer •May cause cancer •May be mutagenic •May cause heritable genetic damage •Harmful •Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed
FDA Food Additive Status	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• Food additive: solvent • Food additive: food additive for which a petition has been filed and a regulation issued • Food additive: must be in accordance with good manufacturing practices, or sufficient for purpose; or in quantity not greater than required • Ctg on fresh citrus -172.210; 172.250
FDA Food Additive Status	NAPHTHA	• Food additive: solvent • in color additive mixtures for shell eggs • without penetration of color to interior of shell - CFR73.1
Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics	NAPHTHA	• S
Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics	NAPHTHA	• S
FDA Everything Added to Food	NAPHTHA	• There is no reported use of the substance and there is no toxicology information available in PAFA.
FDA Everything Added to Food	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• Although listed as a added to food, there is no current reported use of the substance, and, therefore, although toxicology information may be available in PAFA, it is not being updated.
Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List	NAPHTHA	•This chemical was deemed a high human health priority and was flagged by CEPA for further attention. The chemical is suspected to be carcinogenic, persistent, and toxic to aquatic organisms.
National Library of Medicine HazMap	NAPHTHA (COAL TAR)	•Neurotoxin: CNS Solvent Syndrome; •PEL (OSHA) - Permissible exposure limit (OSHA): 100 ppm; •LC50 - Lethal concentration in 50% of animals tested: 5335 ppm; •TLV (ACGIH) - Threshold limit value (ACGIH): 400 ppm; •Flammability (NFPA) - NFPA flammability code: 0 = will not burn; 1 = must be preheated; 2 = high ambient temp required; 3 = may ignite at ambient temp; 4 = burn readily: 2: high ambient temperature required; •IDLH (NIOSH) - Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health: 1000 ppm;
Canada PBTs - Accelerated Reduction/Elimination of Toxics (ARET)	NAPHTHA	•Suspected persistent, bioaccumulative toxicant - Environment Canada, July 2006 chemical inventory review
RTECS^®- Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna 1988	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (rat TDLo) • endocrine system - Changes in adrenal weight (rat TDLo) • liver - Changes in liver weight (rat TDLo)
RTECS^®- Fundamental and Applied Toxicology 1987	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• cancer - skin tumors (mouse TDLo)
RTECS^®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology 1989	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• sense organ - Primary eye irritant (rabbit ) • skin - Primary skin irritant (rabbit )
RTECS^®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology 1989	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• sense organ - Primary eye irritant (rabbit ) • skin - Primary skin irritant (rabbit )
RTECS^®- MSHA STANDARD-air: 3,176,1971	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• occupationally related - MSHA STANDARD-air (human TWA)
RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926 1994	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Construc) (human TWA)
RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204 1994	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Fed Cont) (human TWA)
RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910 1994	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Gen Indu) (human TWA)
RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915 1993	PETROLEUM NAPHTHA	• occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Shipyard) (human TWA)

references

government/industry list/academic study	reference
European Union - Classification & Labelling	CPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP.
FDA Food Additive Status	FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Food Additive Status List. Downloaded from http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/%7Edms/opa-appa.html, Oct 16, 2006.
Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics	AOEC (Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics). 2009. AEOC exposures codes and asthmagen designation.
FDA Everything Added to Food	FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List	EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
National Library of Medicine HazMap	NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents.
Canada PBTs - Accelerated Reduction/Elimination of Toxics (ARET)	EC (Environment Canada). 1994. Accelerated Reduction/Elimination of Toxics (ARET). ARET substance list of persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic chemicals.
RTECS^®- Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna 1988	RTECS^®- Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna. (Ars Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.4- -1971 21,187,1988
RTECS^®- Fundamental and Applied Toxicology 1987	RTECS^®- Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-40, 1981-97. For publisher information, see TOSCF2 9,297,1987
RTECS^®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology 1989	RTECS^®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981- 9,59,1989
RTECS^®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology 1989	RTECS^®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 9,59,1989
RTECS^®- MSHA STANDARD-air: 3,176,1971	RTECS^®- MSHA STANDARD-air: 3,176,1971
RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926 1994	RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926.55,1994
RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204 1994	RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204.50,1994
RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910 1994	RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910.1000,1994
RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915 1993	RTECS^®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915.1000,1993

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