Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to this ingredient -- not the products containing it -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.
| This ingredient: | |
![]() | Cancer |
![]() | Developmental/reproductive toxicity |
![]() | Violations, restrictions & warnings |
![]() | Allergies/immunotoxicity |
![]() | Contamination concerns |
![]() | Other moderate concerns for this ingredient: Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) |
![]() | Lesser or emerging concerns for this ingredient: Data gaps, Occupational hazards |
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Known human carcinogen | European Union - Classification & Labelling | |
| Possible human carcinogen | European Union - Classification & Labelling | |
| Possible carcinogen | Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | |
| Possible mutagen | Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | |
| show more | ||
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Classified as a high human health priority | Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | |
| Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful | Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | |
| show more | ||
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel |
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List |
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Occupational hazards related to handling | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
| type of concern | product conditions | reference |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List |
| government/industry list/academic study | appears on list as | classification(s) |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | PETROLEUM GASES, LIQUEFIED,;SWEETENED;;PETROLEUM GAS;;[A COMPLEX COMBINATION OF HYDROCARBONS OBTAINED BY SUBJECTING LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS MIX TO A SWEETENING PROCESS TO;CONVERT MERCAPTANS OR TO REMOVE ACIDIC IMPURITIES. IT CONSISTS OF HYDROCARBONS HAVIN | •Extremely flammable •Extremely flammable •Known to cause cancer •May cause cancer •May be mutagenic •May cause heritable genetic damage |
| Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | PETROLEUM GASES, LIQUEFIED, SWEETENED | •This chemical was deemed a high human health priority and was flagged by CEPA for further attention. The chemical is suspected to be carcinogenic, genotoxic, and persistent. |
| European Union - Banned or Restricted in Cosmetics | PETROLEUM GASES, LIQUEFIED, SWEETENED | •Restricted in EU cosmetics (impurity limit) |
| EPA Categorized List of Inert Pesticide Ingredients | PETROLEUM GASES, LIQUEFIED, SWEETENED | •Pesticide inerts: potentially toxic, testing priority, according to EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) |
| government/industry list/academic study | reference |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | CPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP. |
| Environmental Canada Domestic Substance List | EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry. |
| European Union - Banned or Restricted in Cosmetics | EC (European Commission of the European Union). 1999-2006. Enterprise Directorate-General Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics. The rules governing cosmetic products in the European Union, Volume 1, "Cosmetics legislation." |
| EPA Categorized List of Inert Pesticide Ingredients | EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1987 & 2005. Office of Pesticide Programs. Inert (other) Pesticide Ingredients in Pesticide Products - Categorized List of Inert (other) Pesticide Ingredients. |
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