Solar Sense Clear Zinc, for Body, SPF 45 || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

SOLAR SENSE CLEAR ZINC, FOR BODY, SPF 45

last updated: 02/01/08 brand: Solar Sense by CCA Industries

SCORE

	health hazard
	sun hazard

80%

data gap

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36% of sunscreen: SPF greater than 30s have lower concerns

COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company's animal testing policy is unknown.

Sunscreen effectiveness* breakdown

0	UVB hazard/exposure score
4	UVA hazard/exposure score
3	sunscreen instability

*Note that the same active ingredient combination may score differently in two different products depending on the concentration of the ingredients and the mixture of inactive ingredients.

Active ingredient UV
blocking strength

Product total

OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE) (7.5%)

OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3) (3.5%)

OCTISALATE (5%)

NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm) (3.5%)

This product contains the following chemical(s) that may provide UV protection in addition to what is reflected above: NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE. We did not find relevant chemical absorption spectrum in the publicly available technical literature that would allow us to estimate the impacts of these chemicals. Therefore, our rating system may underestimate the effectiveness of this product.

Note to manufacturers: We have assumed a typical particle size for the mineral(s) in your product based on typical industry use. We welcome specific data from manufacturers if actual particle size is different.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes

Note from EWG: Unlike many other kinds of personal care products, sunscreen can provide health benefits, protecting against the sun's cancer-causing UV radiation. More than one million cases of skin cancer are diagnosed in the U.S. every year. Health officials recommend wearing sunscreen as one of many important steps to minimize skin cancer risk. (more sun safety tips)

Ingredients from packaging: Active Ingredients - Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamante (7.5%) - Sunscreen, Benzophenone (3.5%) - Sunscreen, Ethylhexyl Salicylate (5.%) - Sunscreen, Zinc Oxide (3.5%) - Sunscreen. Inactive Ingredients - C12-15 Alkyl, Benzoate, C30-45 Alkyl Methicone, C30-45 Olefin, Cetearyl Alcohol, Dipropylene Glycol, Dibenzoate, Disodium EDTA, Glycerin, Glyceryl Stearate, Phenoxyethanol, Picea Excelsa Extract, Polysorbate 20, Potassium Cetyl, Phosphate, PPG- 15 Stearyl Ether Benzoate, Propylene Glycol, Sodium Borate, Sodium Polyacylate, Sorbitan Stearate, Steareth-2, Steareth-21, Stearyl Alcohol, Stearyl Dimethicone, Titanium Dioxide Bentonite, Water, Xanthan Gum.

Directions from packaging: Apply liberally too body 15 minutes before sun exposure; For children 6 months or under, ask a doctor; Reapply after prolonged exposure, or after swimming, exercising, perspiring or towel drying; Store in a cool, dry place.

Warnings from packaging: For external use only; When using this product, keep out of eyes; Rinse with water to remove; Stop use and ask a doctor if rash or irritation develops and lasts; Keep out of reach of children; If swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center immediately. Other Information - Sun Alert - Limiting sun exposure, wearing protective clothing and using sunscreens may reduce the risks of skin aging, skin cancer and other harmful effects of the sun.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE	2	87%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes
NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm) ZINC OXIDE (3.5%) - SUNSCREEN (Active Ingredient)	3	70%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3) BENZOPHENONE (3.5%) - SUNSCREEN (Active Ingredient)	9	55%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption, Biochemical or cellular level changes
OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE) - ETHYLHEXYL METHOXYCINNAMANTE (7.5%) - SUNSCREEN (Active Ingredient)	6	65%	Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption, Biochemical or cellular level changes
SODIUM BORATE	6	51%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Occupational hazards
SODIUM POLYACRYLATE SODIUM POLYACYLATE	4	73%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Contamination concerns (METHACRYLIC ACID, ACRYLIC ACID, 2-ETHYLHEXYL ACRYLATE)
OCTISALATE ETHYLHEXYL SALICYLATE (5.%) - SUNSCREEN (Active Ingredient)	3	68%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption
PHENOXYETHANOL	4	67%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
PROPYLENE GLYCOL	4	60%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption
DISODIUM EDTA	3	78%	Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Enhanced skin absorption
BENTONITE	3	72%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
GLYCERIN	2	74%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE	0	94%	none identified
DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE	1	94%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
CETEARYL ALCOHOL	0	93%	none identified
PICEA EXCELSA (NORWAY SPRUCE) EXTRACT PICEA EXCELSA EXTRACT	1	93%	none identified
SORBITAN STEARATE	1	92%	none identified
BENZILIC ACID BENZOATE	1	89%	none identified
STEARETH-21	1	89%	none identified
GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE GLYCERYL STEARATE	1	88%	none identified
STEARETH-2	1	88%	none identified
DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL	1	84%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
POLYSORBATE-20	1	84%	none identified
STEARYL ALCOHOL	1	84%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
C30-45 ALKYL METHICONE	0	100%	none identified
POTASSIUM CETYL PHOSPHATE	0	100%	none identified
PPG-15 STEARYL ETHER BENZOATE	0	100%	none identified
C30-45 OLEFIN	0	100%	none identified
STEARYL DIMETHICONE	0	99%	none identified
XANTHAN GUM	0	94%	none identified
WATER	0	0%	innocuous

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show tumor formation at high doses		STEARYL ALCOHOL, BENTONITE
One or more in vitro tests non-mammalian cells show positive mutation results		SODIUM BORATE, PHENOXYETHANOL, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE, NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		PROPYLENE GLYCOL, GLYCERIN, DISODIUM EDTA

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		POLYSORBATE-20, DISODIUM EDTA,
One or more animal studies show developmental effects at high doses		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		PROPYLENE GLYCOL,
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Limited evidence of reproductive toxicity		SODIUM BORATE
Limited evidence of developmental toxicity		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		GLYCERIN

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		SODIUM POLYACRYLATE
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics		SODIUM BORATE
Recommended restricted in cosmetics - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Product type restrictions or differences noted in safety assessment by industry panel		BENTONITE
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		SODIUM BORATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Japan - restricted for use in some types of cosmetics (concentration limit)		OCTISALATE, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), PHENOXYETHANOL, NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses		PHENOXYETHANOL
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL, GLYCERIN, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), PROPYLENE GLYCOL, SODIUM BORATE, NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at low doses		DISODIUM EDTA

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses		SODIUM BORATE, GLYCERIN, DISODIUM EDTA
Human any disruptor - moderate evidence		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
Human any disruptor - strong evidence		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)

Allergies/immunotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
respiratory - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study		NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Limited evidence of skin and immune system toxicity		PHENOXYETHANOL
One or more human case studies show possible photoallergic effects		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), OCTISALATE
Limited evidence of skin and immune system toxicity		PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Possible human photoallergenic toxicant		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)

Persistence and bioaccumulation*

*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative		NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE, SODIUM POLYACRYLATE, SODIUM BORATE
Not suspected to be persistent		DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE
Ingredient is suspected or measured to accumulate in people		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful		DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE, SODIUM POLYACRYLATE
One or more animal studies show liver effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
One or more animal studies show metabolic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		PROPYLENE GLYCOL
One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)
One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		PHENOXYETHANOL
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL, STEARYL ALCOHOL, POLYSORBATE-20
One or more animal studies show cardiovascular effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		STEARETH-21, STEARETH-2, PICEA EXCELSA (NORWAY SPRUCE) EXTRACT, OCTISALATE, GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE, BENZILIC ACID
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		SODIUM BORATE, DISODIUM EDTA
One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at very low doses		GLYCERIN, NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Possible human respiratory toxicant		BENTONITE

Miscellaneous*

*This table includes all possible miscellaneous concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Prohibited for use in food		SODIUM BORATE

Multiple, additive exposure sources*

*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE, XANTHAN GUM, STEARYL ALCOHOL, SORBITAN STEARATE, SODIUM POLYACRYLATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE, NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm), POLYSORBATE-20, GLYCERIN, DISODIUM EDTA, BENTONITE
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		SODIUM POLYACRYLATE, SODIUM BORATE

Ecotoxicology*

*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Suspected to be an environmental toxin		DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin		SODIUM BORATE, SODIUM POLYACRYLATE
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not likely to be a skin irritant in humans		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		SORBITAN STEARATE, POLYSORBATE-20, NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm), GLYCERIN
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses		OCTISALATE,
One or more animal studies show significant but moderate pulmonary irritation at low doses		NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Human any irritant - strong evidence	products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne)	STEARYL ALCOHOL, DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL
Classified as skin irritant		PROPYLENE GLYCOL, PHENOXYETHANOL

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		STEARETH-2, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, STEARYL DIMETHICONE
Considered safe based on assumption of low absorption		SODIUM POLYACRYLATE
Insufficient data to determine safety		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		STEARYL ALCOHOL, STEARETH-2, PHENOXYETHANOL, POLYSORBATE-20, SORBITAN STEARATE, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE, DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL, DISODIUM EDTA, CETEARYL ALCOHOL, BENTONITE
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE, STEARETH-21, C30-45 OLEFIN, POTASSIUM CETYL PHOSPHATE, PPG-15 STEARYL ETHER BENZOATE, XANTHAN GUM, PICEA EXCELSA (NORWAY SPRUCE) EXTRACT, NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm), OCTISALATE, GLYCERIN, DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE, C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE, C30-45 ALKYL METHICONE, BENZILIC ACID

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE, PHENOXYETHANOL
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm), SODIUM BORATE
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		GLYCERIN

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Produces excess reactive oxygen species that can interfere with cellular signaling, cause mutations, lead to cell death and may be implicated in cardiovascular disease.		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Does not produces excess reactive oxygen species or other harmful biochemical changes.		OCTISALATE
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at very low doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		BENTONITE, GLYCERIN, PROPYLENE GLYCOL