Arm & Hammer Advance White Mint Gel +MouthWashTartar Control& Baking Soda 4.3OZ.(121g) || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

ARM & HAMMER ADVANCE WHITE MINT GEL +MOUTHWASHTARTAR CONTROL& BAKING SODA 4.3OZ.(121G)

last updated: 02/01/08 brand: Arm & Hammer by Church & Dwight Co.

SCORE

moderate hazard (out of 10)

74%

data gap

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68% of breath fresheners have lower concerns
54% of tooth whitenings have lower concerns
59% of toothpastes have lower concerns

COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company conducts animal tests.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Miscellaneous, Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes

Ingredients from packaging: Active Ingredients: Sodium Fluoride (0.24%). Inactive Ingredients: Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda), Water, Sorbitol, Glycerin, Hydrated Silica, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, Flavor, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Saccharin, Cellulose Gum, Blue 1, Yellow 5.

Directions from packaging: Do not swallow. Supervise children as necessary until capable of using without supervision. Adults and Children 2 Years and Older: Brush teeth thoroughly after meals or at least twice a day, or use as directed by a dentist or physician. Children Under 6 Years: Instruct in good brushing and rinsing habits (to minimize swallowing). Children Under 2 Years: Ask a dentist or physician.

Warnings from packaging: Keep out of reach of children under 6 years of age. If more than used for brushing is accidentally swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
SODIUM FLUORIDE (Active Ingredient)	9	63%	Cancer, Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes
FLAVOR	4	100%	Miscellaneous
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE	4	73%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns (NITROSAMINES)
FD&C YELLOW 5	2	82%	Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE	3	68%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
FD&C BLUE 1	1	83%	none identified
TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE	2	82%	Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
SODIUM BICARBONATE	2	80%	none identified
SODIUM SACCHARIN	2	80%	Neurotoxicity
HYDRATED SILICA	2	79%	Persistence and bioaccumulation
GLYCERIN	2	74%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
SORBITOL	1	88%	none identified
CELLULOSE GUM	1	80%	none identified
WATER	0	0%	innocuous

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show tumor formation at high doses		CELLULOSE GUM
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		SORBITOL, SODIUM SACCHARIN, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
One or more animal studies show tumor formation at low doses		SODIUM FLUORIDE
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		FD&C YELLOW 5, GLYCERIN, SODIUM BICARBONATE
Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen		HYDRATED SILICA, FD&C BLUE 1

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		SODIUM SACCHARIN, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, FD&C YELLOW 5
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		SODIUM BICARBONATE, CELLULOSE GUM, GLYCERIN
Human nervous system toxicant - moderate evidence		SODIUM FLUORIDE

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics		SODIUM FLUORIDE
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Japan - restricted for use in some types of cosmetics (concentration limit)		SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE, SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		SODIUM BICARBONATE, GLYCERIN
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at low doses		TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		FD&C BLUE 1
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at very low doses		FD&C YELLOW 5, SODIUM SACCHARIN
Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity		SODIUM FLUORIDE

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, GLYCERIN
One or more studies show endocrine system disruption at low doses		SODIUM FLUORIDE

Persistence and bioaccumulation*

*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not suspected to be persistent		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife and humans		HYDRATED SILICA

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		SORBITOL, SODIUM SACCHARIN, CELLULOSE GUM
One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		FD&C BLUE 1
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE
One or more animal studies show cardiovascular effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		SODIUM BICARBONATE
One or more animal studies show musculoskeletal effects at very low doses		FD&C YELLOW 5, GLYCERIN, SODIUM FLUORIDE

Miscellaneous*

*This table includes all possible miscellaneous concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Occupational hazards related to handling		SODIUM FLUORIDE
Ingredient not fully labeled - identity unknown		FLAVOR

Multiple, additive exposure sources*

*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE, SORBITOL, SODIUM SACCHARIN, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, SODIUM FLUORIDE, GLYCERIN, SODIUM BICARBONATE, FD&C YELLOW 5, FD&C BLUE 1, CELLULOSE GUM
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		SODIUM FLUORIDE

Ecotoxicology*

*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Suspected to be an environmental toxin		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		SODIUM BICARBONATE, GLYCERIN
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at very low doses		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		SODIUM BICARBONATE, CELLULOSE GUM
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		HYDRATED SILICA, FLAVOR, TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE, SORBITOL, SODIUM SACCHARIN, GLYCERIN

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to very low doses		SODIUM FLUORIDE
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		GLYCERIN, TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at very low doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		SODIUM FLUORIDE
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at moderate doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		CELLULOSE GUM, GLYCERIN, SODIUM BICARBONATE