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100% of anti-agings have lower concerns
100% of facial moisturizer/treatments have lower concerns




Compact for Safe Cosmetics
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Animal Testing Policy |


Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.
Ingredients in this product are linked to: | |
![]() | Cancer |
![]() | Developmental/reproductive toxicity |
![]() | Violations, restrictions & warnings |
![]() | Allergies/immunotoxicity |
![]() | Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Miscellaneous, Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes |
Ingredients from packaging: Aqua (Water), Octyldodecanol, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Cyclopentasiloxane, C20-22 Alkyl Phosphate, Boron Nitride, Hydrogenated Coconut Oil, C20-22 Alcohols, Xylitylglucoside, Anhydroxylitol, Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer, Fagus Sylvatica Extract, Papaver Rhoeas Seed Extract, Hydrolyzed Lupine Protein Octenylsuccinate, Bisabolol, Hibiscus Sabdariffa Flower Extract, Vaccinium Myrtillus Fruit (Leaf Extract), Butyrospermum Parkii Seed Extract (Shea Butter), Saccharum Officinarum (Sugar Cane) Extract, Citrus Medica Liminum (Lemon) Fruit Extract, Adansonia Digitata Pulp Extract, Papaver Rhoeas Petal Extract, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract, Citrus Medica Limonum (Lemon) Fruit Extract, Hydrolyzed Sweet Almond Protein, Acer Saccharum (Sugar Maple) Extract, Glycine Soja (Soybean) Sterols, Tromethamine, Hydroxyethyl Acrylate, Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer, Tocopherol, Xylitol, Phenoxyethanol, Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate, Benzophenone 4 (Sulisobenzone), Ceteareth 20, Polyacrylate 13, Squalane, Acetylated Glycol Stearate, Cetearyl Alcohol, Parfum (Fragrance), Tristearin, Behenyl Alcohol, Polyisobutene, Acrylates C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Methylparaben, Polysorbate 60, Phospholipides, Cyclohexasiloxane, Disodium EDTA, Glycyrrhetinic Acid, Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Ethylparaben, Butylparaben, Polysorbate 20, Propylparaben, Isobutylparaben, Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Retinyl Palmitate, Tocopheryl Acetate, Ethyl Linoleate, Ethyl Linolenate, Ethyl Oleate, Xanthan Gum, Beta Carotene, Benzyl Salicylate, Geraniol, Hydroxycitronellal, Citronellol, Butylphenyl Methylpropional, Limonene, Linalool
Directions from packaging: Apply morning and/or night on thoroughly cleansed face, avoiding eye area. Ideal for uneven skin, or with enlarged pores.
| score | data gap | concerns | |
| METHYLPARABEN | 10 | 63% | Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Biochemical or cellular level changes |
| ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE | 9 | 74% | Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Contamination concerns (ARSENIC, LEAD, HEAVY METALS) |
| FRAGRANCE | 8 | 100% | Neurotoxicity, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Miscellaneous |
| CETEARETH-20 | 5 | 71% | Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE, ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE) |
| BUTYLPARABEN | 6 | 79% | Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Biochemical or cellular level changes |
| LILIAL BUTYLPHENYL METHYLPROPIONAL | 5 | 64% | Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) |
| BENZYL SALICYLATE | 6 | 62% | Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity |
| HYDROXYCITRONELLAL | 5 | 62% | Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) |
| GERANIOL | 6 | 61% | Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) |
| LIMONENE | 6 | 56% | Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) |
| ETHYLPARABEN | 5 | 80% | Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) |
| PROPYLPARABEN | 5 | 71% | Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) |
| RETINYL PALMITATE | 5 | 68% | Cancer, Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Biochemical or cellular level changes |
| CITRONELLOL | 4 | 65% | Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) |
| LINALOOL | 5 | 65% | Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) |
| TOCOPHERYL ACETATE | 4 | 81% | Allergies/immunotoxicity, Contamination concerns (HYDROQUINONE) |
| PHENOXYETHANOL | 4 | 67% | Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards |
| SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4) BENZOPHENONE 4 (SULISOBENZONE) (Active Ingredient) | 3 | 66% | Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption |
| ISOBUTYLPARABEN | 3 | 83% | Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) |
| CYCLOPENTASILOXANE | 2 | 79% | Persistence and bioaccumulation |
| DISODIUM EDTA | 3 | 78% | Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Enhanced skin absorption |
| TOCOPHEROL | 2 | 87% | Contamination concerns (HYDROQUINONE) |
| BETA CAROTENE | 1 | 84% | Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) |
| CYCLOHEXASILOXANE | 1 | 82% | Persistence and bioaccumulation |
| GLYCERIN | 2 | 74% | Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards |
| HYDROLYZED LUPINE PROTEIN | 1 | 94% | Multiple, additive exposure sources |
| HYDROLYZED SWEET ALMOND PROTEIN | 1 | 94% | Multiple, additive exposure sources |
| CITRUS AURANTIUM DULCIS (ORANGE) FRUIT EXTRACT | 1 | 94% | Multiple, additive exposure sources |
| POLYISOBUTENE | 1 | 94% | Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) |
| CETEARYL ALCOHOL | 0 | 93% | none identified |
| SQUALANE | 1 | 93% | Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) |
| BORON NITRIDE | 0 | 91% | Enhanced skin absorption |
| ETHYL LINOLENATE | 1 | 89% | none identified |
| XYLITOL | 1 | 88% | none identified |
| OCTYLDODECANOL | 1 | 87% | Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) |
| TROMETHAMINE | 1 | 87% | none identified |
| POLYSORBATE-20 | 1 | 84% | none identified |
| POLYSORBATE-60 | 1 | 81% | none identified |
| BISABOLOL | 1 | 80% | Enhanced skin absorption |
| BUTYLENE GLYCOL | 1 | 79% | Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) |
| GLYCYRRHETINIC ACID | 1 | 74% | Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) |
| ACER SACCHARUM (SUGAR MAPLE) EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| ACETYLATED GLYCOL STEARATE | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| ACRYLATES/ C10-30 ALKYL ACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| ASCORBYL TETRAISOPALMITATE | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| CITRUS LIMON (LEMON) FRUIT EXTRACT CITRUS MEDICA LIMINUM (LEMON) FRUIT EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| CITRUS MEDICA LIMONUM (LEMON) EXTRACT CITRUS MEDICA LIMONUM (LEMON) FRUIT EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| FAGUS SYLVATICA (BEECH) EXTRACT FAGUS SYLVATICA EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| GLYCINE SOJA (SOYBEAN) STEROLS | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA (ROSELLE) FLOWER EXTRACT HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA FLOWER EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| HYDROXYETHYL ACRYLATE/ SODIUM ACRYLOYLDIMETHYL TAURATE COPOLYMER | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| PAPAVER RHOEAS (CORN POPPY) EXTRACT PAPAVER RHOEAS SEED EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| PHOSPHOLIPIDS PHOSPHOLIPIDES | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| POLYACRYLATE-3 POLYACRYLATE 13 | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM (SUGAR CANE) EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| VACCINIUM MYRTILLUS (BILBERRY) EXTRACT VACCINIUM MYRTILLUS FRUIT (LEAF EXTRACT) | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| ANHYDROXYLITOL | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| C20-22 ALCOHOLS | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| LEMON EKISU CITRUS MEDICA LIMONUM (LEMON) FRUIT EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| XYLITYLGLUCOSIDE | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| POLYACRYLATE-13 | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| C20-22 ALKYL PHOSPHATE | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| ADANSONIA DIGITATA PULP EXTRACT | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII (SHEA BUTTER) SEED EXTRACT BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII SEED EXTRACT (SHEA BUTTER) | 0 | 100% | none identified |
| MAGNESIUM ASCORBYL PHOSPHATE | 0 | 99% | none identified |
| ETHYL LINOLEATE | 0 | 94% | none identified |
| ETHYL OLEATE | 0 | 94% | none identified |
| METHYL METHACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER | 0 | 94% | none identified |
| XANTHAN GUM | 0 | 94% | none identified |
| BEHENYL ALCOHOL | 0 | 93% | none identified |
| HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL | 0 | 93% | none identified |
| HYDROGENATED COCONUT OIL | 0 | 93% | none identified |
| TRISTEARIN | 0 | 90% | Enhanced skin absorption |
| WATER | 0 | 0% | innocuous |
*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| One or more animal studies show tumor formation at high doses | POLYSORBATE-60 | |
| Not likely to be mutagenic in humans | SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4) | |
| One or more in vitro tests non-mammalian cells show positive mutation results | PHENOXYETHANOL | |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | TOCOPHERYL ACETATE | |
| One or more animal studies show tumor formation at moderate doses | CYCLOPENTASILOXANE | |
| One or more in vitro tests non-mammalian cells show positive mutation results | LINALOOL | |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | TOCOPHEROL, PROPYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN, GLYCERIN, GERANIOL, ETHYLPARABEN, DISODIUM EDTA, BUTYLPARABEN | |
| Cancer - limited evidence | RETINYL PALMITATE | |
| Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen | LIMONENE |
*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses | DISODIUM EDTA, POLYSORBATE-60, POLYSORBATE-20, ETHYLPARABEN, LILIAL, BUTYLENE GLYCOL, | |
| One or more animal studies show developmental effects at high doses | LIMONENE | |
| One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses | GLYCERIN, BETA CAROTENE | |
| One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at low doses | RETINYL PALMITATE, | |
| One or more animal studies show any effects at low doses | PROPYLPARABEN | |
| One or more animal studies show any effects at very low doses | BUTYLPARABEN | |
| Human nervous system toxicant - moderate evidence | ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE |
*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Recommended restricted in cosmetics - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Fragrance subject to restrictions: safe only if satisfies manufacturing specifications or purity limits, according to industry safety panel (International Fragrance Association) | LINALOOL, GERANIOL | |
| Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Restrictions on impurities recommended by industry safety panel | GLYCYRRHETINIC ACID, CETEARETH-20, ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE | |
| Recommended restricted in cosmetics - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Fragrance subject to restrictions: safe only within recommended use or concentration limitsn) | HYDROXYCITRONELLAL, CITRONELLOL, LILIAL, BENZYL SALICYLATE | |
| Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics | RETINYL PALMITATE | |
| Recommended restricted in cosmetics - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Fragrance subject to restrictions: safe only if satisfies manufacturing specifications or purity limits, according to industry safety panel (International Fragrance Association) | LIMONENE | |
| Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics | METHYLPARABEN | |
| Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Japan - restricted for use in cosmetics (concentration limit) | PHENOXYETHANOL |
*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses | XYLITOL, RETINYL PALMITATE, GLYCERIN, BUTYLENE GLYCOL | |
| One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses | TROMETHAMINE, PHENOXYETHANOL, METHYLPARABEN, GERANIOL, CITRONELLOL, LILIAL | |
| Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity | ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE | |
| One or more animal studies show any effects at moderate doses | CYCLOPENTASILOXANE | |
| One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses | BISABOLOL, CETEARETH-20, LINALOOL | |
| One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at low doses | DISODIUM EDTA | |
| Moderate evidence of human neurotoxicity | FRAGRANCE |
*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Associated with endocrine disruption | SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4), LILIAL, BENZYL SALICYLATE | |
| One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses | GLYCERIN, DISODIUM EDTA, CYCLOHEXASILOXANE | |
| One or more animal studies show endocrine disruption at moderate doses | ISOBUTYLPARABEN | |
| One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses | BUTYLENE GLYCOL, BISABOLOL | |
| One or more animal studies show endocrine disruption at moderate doses | CYCLOPENTASILOXANE | |
| Human any disruptor - strong evidence | PROPYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN |
*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Human skin toxicant - strong evidence | TOCOPHERYL ACETATE | |
| Limited evidence of skin and immune system toxicity | PHENOXYETHANOL | |
| Human skin toxicant - strong evidence | SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4), PROPYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN, ISOBUTYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN | |
| Possible human immune system toxicant | LINALOOL, CITRONELLOL, LILIAL | |
| Known human immune system toxicant | HYDROXYCITRONELLAL, GERANIOL, FRAGRANCE, LIMONENE, BENZYL SALICYLATE |
*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife | CYCLOPENTASILOXANE | |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | POLYISOBUTENE | |
| Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife | CYCLOHEXASILOXANE |
*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful | POLYISOBUTENE | |
| One or more animal studies show liver effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | CYCLOPENTASILOXANE, CYCLOHEXASILOXANE, BISABOLOL, POLYSORBATE-20, XYLITOL, LINALOOL, ETHYL LINOLENATE, LIMONENE, CITRONELLOL, BUTYLENE GLYCOL, BENZYL SALICYLATE | |
| One or more animal studies show sense effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4) | |
| One or more animal studies show liver effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | CETEARETH-20, TROMETHAMINE, PHENOXYETHANOL, TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, POLYSORBATE-60 | |
| Limited evidence of skin toxicity | RETINYL PALMITATE, PROPYLPARABEN, ISOBUTYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE, BUTYLPARABEN | |
| Known human any toxicant | METHYLPARABEN | |
| One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at very low doses | GLYCERIN | |
| One or more animal studies show cardiovascular effects at low doses | BETA CAROTENE, GLYCYRRHETINIC ACID, GERANIOL, DISODIUM EDTA |
*This table includes all possible miscellaneous concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Occupational hazards related to handling | LIMONENE | |
| Ingredient not fully labeled - identity unknown | FRAGRANCE |
*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | XYLITOL, XANTHAN GUM, TRISTEARIN, TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, TOCOPHEROL, RETINYL PALMITATE, PROPYLPARABEN, POLYSORBATE-60, POLYSORBATE-20, POLYISOBUTENE, CITRUS AURANTIUM DULCIS (ORANGE) FRUIT EXTRACT, METHYLPARABEN, LINALOOL, HYDROXYCITRONELLAL, GLYCERIN, GERANIOL, ETHYL OLEATE, DISODIUM EDTA, LIMONENE, CITRUS MEDICA LIMONUM (LEMON) EXTRACT, BETA CAROTENE, BUTYLENE GLYCOL, BUTYLPARABEN, CITRONELLOL, BENZYL SALICYLATE, ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE | |
| Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available | CITRUS AURANTIUM DULCIS (ORANGE) FRUIT EXTRACT, HYDROLYZED SWEET ALMOND PROTEIN, HYDROLYZED LUPINE PROTEIN |
*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | POLYISOBUTENE | |
| Wildlife and environmental toxicity | LIMONENE, PROPYLPARABEN |
*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses | POLYSORBATE-20, GLYCERIN, CYCLOPENTASILOXANE, BUTYLPARABEN, BISABOLOL | |
| One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses | SQUALANE, METHYLPARABEN, HYDROXYCITRONELLAL, CETEARETH-20, LILIAL | |
| One or more animal studies show skin irritation at very low doses | LINALOOL, CITRONELLOL, GERANIOL | |
| Human any irritant - strong evidence | products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne) | SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4), OCTYLDODECANOL |
| Classified as irritant | LIMONENE | |
| Human any irritant - strong evidence | products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne) | BUTYLENE GLYCOL |
| Classified as irritant | PHENOXYETHANOL |
*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | PHENOXYETHANOL | |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses | GLYCERIN |
*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.
| type of concern | product conditions | ingredient(s) |
| One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at moderate doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood | BETA CAROTENE | |
| One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood | CYCLOPENTASILOXANE, GLYCERIN | |
| Interferes with gene expresion | BUTYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN | |
| Produces excess reactive oxygen species that can interfere with cellular signaling, cause mutations, lead to cell death and may be implicated in cardiovascular disease. | RETINYL PALMITATE | |
| One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood | XYLITOL |
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