Sea & Ski Kid's Sunscreen, SPF 50 || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

SEA & SKI KID'S SUNSCREEN, SPF 50

last updated: 04/03/08 brand: Sea & Ski by Radiant Technologies, Inc.

SCORE

	health hazard
	sun hazard

75%

data gap

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27% of sunscreen: SPF greater than 30s have lower concerns

COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company's animal testing policy is unknown.

Sunscreen effectiveness* breakdown

0	UVB hazard/exposure score
4	UVA hazard/exposure score
1	sunscreen instability

*Note that the same active ingredient combination may score differently in two different products depending on the concentration of the ingredients and the mixture of inactive ingredients.

Active ingredient UV
blocking strength

Product total

OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE) (6%)

OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3) (3%)

OCTISALATE (3%)

NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm) (2.2%)

Note to manufacturers: We have assumed a typical particle size for the mineral(s) in your product based on typical industry use. We welcome specific data from manufacturers if actual particle size is different.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes

Note from EWG: Unlike many other kinds of personal care products, sunscreen can provide health benefits, protecting against the sun's cancer-causing UV radiation. More than one million cases of skin cancer are diagnosed in the U.S. every year. Health officials recommend wearing sunscreen as one of many important steps to minimize skin cancer risk. (more sun safety tips)

Ingredients from packaging: Active Ingredients: Octinoxate (6.0% w/w), Oxybenzone (3.0% w/w), Octisalate (3.0%w/w), Zinc Oxide (2.2% w/w)Inactive Ingredients: Water, Isopropyl Myristate, Polyglyceryl 4 Isostearate Mineral Oil, Octyl Palmitate, Aluminum Starch Octenyl Succinate, Cetyl PEG/PPG 10/1 Dimethicone, Cetyl Dimethicone, Polyethylene, Allantoin, Tocopheryl Acetate, Retinyl Palmitate, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Cetyl Dimethicone Copolyol, Sodium Chloride, Phenoxyethanol, White Beeswax, Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Hexyl Laurate, Triethoxycaprylylsilane, Methylparaben, Butylparaben, Ethylparaben, Propylparaben

Directions from packaging: DirectionsApply generously to exposed skin 20 minutes prior to sun exposure. Reapply every 80 minutes and after towel drying, swimming or sweating.

Warnings from packaging: WarningsFor external use only. Keep out of eyes. If product gets into eyes, rinse with water to remove. Stop use and consult a doctor if rash or irritation develops. Consult a doctor prior to use if you are under any type of skin treatment (such as for acne, etc.). Keep out of reach of children. Consult a doctor before using on a child under 6 months of age. If swallowed, seek medical attention or contact a Poison Control Center immediately. May stain some fabrics. Store in a cool place. Sun Alert: Limiting sun exposure, wearing protective clothing and using sunscreens may reduce the risks of skin aging, skin cancer, and other harmful effects of the sun. Higher SPF provides more sunburn protection.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
METHYLPARABEN	10	63%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Biochemical or cellular level changes
ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE	9	74%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Contamination concerns (ARSENIC, LEAD, HEAVY METALS)
NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm) ZINC OXIDE (2.2% W/W) (Active Ingredient)	3	70%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3) OXYBENZONE (3.0% W/W) (Active Ingredient)	9	55%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption, Biochemical or cellular level changes
POLYETHYLENE	6	69%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE) OCTINOXATE (6.0% W/W) (Active Ingredient)	6	65%	Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption, Biochemical or cellular level changes
BUTYLPARABEN	6	79%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Biochemical or cellular level changes
CETYL PEG/ PPG-10/ 1 DIMETHICONE	4	76%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
ETHYLPARABEN	5	80%	Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
PROPYLPARABEN	5	71%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
RETINYL PALMITATE	5	68%	Cancer, Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Biochemical or cellular level changes
TOCOPHERYL ACETATE	4	81%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Contamination concerns (HYDROQUINONE)
MINERAL OIL	2	73%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
OCTISALATE (Active Ingredient)	3	68%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption
PHENOXYETHANOL	4	67%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
HEXYL LAURATE	0	94%	none identified
ETHYLHEXYL PALMITATE OCTYL PALMITATE	1	92%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE	1	86%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
POLYGLYCERYL-4 ISOSTEARATE	0	100%	none identified
TRIETHOXYCAPRYLYLSILANE	0	100%	none identified
CETYL DIMETHICONE	0	99%	none identified
SODIUM ASCORBYL PHOSPHATE	0	99%	none identified
ALLANTOIN	0	94%	none identified
BEESWAX	0	93%	none identified
HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL	0	93%	none identified
SODIUM CHLORIDE	0	0%	innocuous
WATER	0	0%	innocuous

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show tumor formation at high doses		MINERAL OIL
One or more in vitro tests non-mammalian cells show positive mutation results		PHENOXYETHANOL, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, SODIUM CHLORIDE, PROPYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN
Cancer - limited evidence		RETINYL PALMITATE
Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen		POLYETHYLENE

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		ETHYLPARABEN
Limited evidence of developmental toxicity		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
One or more animal studies show developmental effects at high doses		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at low doses		RETINYL PALMITATE,
One or more animal studies show any effects at low doses		PROPYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show any effects at very low doses		BUTYLPARABEN
Human nervous system toxicant - moderate evidence		ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics		RETINYL PALMITATE
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		POLYETHYLENE, CETYL PEG/ PPG-10/ 1 DIMETHICONE, ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Japan - restricted for use in some types of cosmetics (concentration limit)		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), OCTISALATE, PHENOXYETHANOL
Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics		METHYLPARABEN
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - any		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		RETINYL PALMITATE, POLYETHYLENE, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses		PHENOXYETHANOL, METHYLPARABEN
Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity		ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Human any disruptor - moderate evidence		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
Human any disruptor - strong evidence		PROPYLPARABEN, OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), METHYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN

Allergies/immunotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Limited evidence of skin and immune system toxicity		PHENOXYETHANOL
One or more human case studies show possible photoallergic effects		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), OCTISALATE
Human immune system toxicant - moderate evidence		POLYETHYLENE
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence		PROPYLPARABEN, TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, METHYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN
Possible human photoallergenic toxicant		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence		BUTYLPARABEN

Persistence and bioaccumulation*

*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Ingredient is suspected or measured to accumulate in people		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show liver effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		MINERAL OIL, ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE
One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		PHENOXYETHANOL,
One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm), OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, OCTISALATE
Limited evidence of skin toxicity		RETINYL PALMITATE, PROPYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, CETYL PEG/ PPG-10/ 1 DIMETHICONE, BUTYLPARABEN, ALUMINUM STARCH OCTENYLSUCCINATE
Possible human immune system toxicant		POLYETHYLENE
Known human any toxicant		METHYLPARABEN

Ecotoxicology*

*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm), PROPYLPARABEN

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not likely to be a skin irritant in humans		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm), SODIUM CHLORIDE, MINERAL OIL, BUTYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses		OCTISALATE, METHYLPARABEN
Human any irritant - strong evidence	products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne)	POLYETHYLENE, ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE, ETHYLHEXYL PALMITATE
Classified as irritant		PHENOXYETHANOL

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		SODIUM ASCORBYL PHOSPHATE
Insufficient data to determine safety		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL, CETYL DIMETHICONE
Missing safety data noted by cosmetic industry review		POLYETHYLENE
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, ETHYLPARABEN, HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL, ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE, METHYLPARABEN
Considered safe based on assumption of low absorption		POLYETHYLENE
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		RETINYL PALMITATE, POLYETHYLENE, PROPYLPARABEN, PHENOXYETHANOL, SODIUM ASCORBYL PHOSPHATE, BUTYLPARABEN, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), ETHYLHEXYL PALMITATE, CETYL DIMETHICONE
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		POLYGLYCERYL-4 ISOSTEARATE, TRIETHOXYCAPRYLYLSILANE
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		BEESWAX
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		OCTISALATE, NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm), MINERAL OIL, HEXYL LAURATE, CETYL PEG/ PPG-10/ 1 DIMETHICONE, ALLANTOIN

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		PHENOXYETHANOL
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		NANO ZINC OXIDE (20-60nm)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		MINERAL OIL

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Does not produces excess reactive oxygen species or other harmful biochemical changes.		OCTISALATE
Interferes with gene expresion		METHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN
Produces excess reactive oxygen species that can interfere with cellular signaling, cause mutations, lead to cell death and may be implicated in cardiovascular disease.		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), RETINYL PALMITATE, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		POLYETHYLENE