Crest Extra White Fluoride Toothpaste Plus Scope, Mint Splash || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

CREST EXTRA WHITE FLUORIDE TOOTHPASTE PLUS SCOPE, MINT SPLASH

last updated: 04/01/08 brand: Crest by Procter & Gamble

SCORE

moderate hazard (out of 10)

77%

data gap

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72% of tooth whitenings have lower concerns
74% of toothpastes have lower concerns
75% of breath fresheners have lower concerns

COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company conducts animal tests.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Miscellaneous, Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes

Ingredients from packaging: Active Ingredients: Sodium Fluoride 0.243%, Other Ingredients: Sorbitol, Water, Hydrated Silica, Disodium Pyrophosphate, Flavor, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Alcohol 0.7%, Xanthan Gum, Sodium Saccharin, Glycerin, Carbomer 956, Carnauba Wax, Poloxamer 407, Polysorbate 80, Sodium Benzoate, Cetylpyridinium Chloride, Benzoic Acid, Titanium Dioxide, Blue 1, Yellow 5

Directions from packaging: Adults and Children 2 Years & Older:Brush teeth thoroughly after meals or at least twice a day or use as directed by dentist.Do not swallow.To minimize swallowing use a pea-sized amount in children under 6.Supervise children's brushing until good habits are established.Children Under 2 Years:Ask a dentist.

Warnings from packaging: Keep out of reach of children under 6 years of age.If more than used for brushing is swallowed get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
SODIUM FLUORIDE	9	63%	Cancer, Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes
ETHANOL ALCOHOL	5	74%	Cancer, Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Occupational hazards
FLAVOR	4	100%	Miscellaneous
POLOXAMER 407	2	82%	Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)	1	81%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes
BENZOIC ACID	4	65%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
FD&C YELLOW 5	2	82%	Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
SODIUM HYDROXIDE	3	77%	Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE	3	68%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
FD&C BLUE 1	1	83%	none identified
POLYSORBATE-80	2	80%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
SODIUM SACCHARIN	2	80%	Neurotoxicity
HYDRATED SILICA	2	79%	Persistence and bioaccumulation
GLYCERIN	2	74%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
CETYLPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE	2	73%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
SODIUM BENZOATE	2	69%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
DISODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE	1	89%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
SORBITOL	1	88%	none identified
CARBOMER 956	0	100%	none identified
XANTHAN GUM	0	94%	none identified
COPERNICIA CERIFERA (CARNAUBA) WAX	0	93%	none identified
WATER	0	0%	innocuous

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), SORBITOL, SODIUM SACCHARIN, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SODIUM BENZOATE, POLYSORBATE-80, GLYCERIN, FD&C YELLOW 5
One or more animal studies show tumor formation at low doses		SODIUM FLUORIDE
Cancer - limited evidence		ETHANOL
Not likely to be carcinogenic in humans		BENZOIC ACID
Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen		HYDRATED SILICA, FD&C BLUE 1

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		FD&C YELLOW 5, SODIUM BENZOATE, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, SODIUM SACCHARIN
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		GLYCERIN
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at very low doses		POLYSORBATE-80
Human nervous system toxicant - moderate evidence		SODIUM FLUORIDE
Limited evidence of reproductive toxicity		ETHANOL

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		SODIUM BENZOATE, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, BENZOIC ACID
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Japan - restricted for use in cosmetics (concentration limit)		BENZOIC ACID, SODIUM FLUORIDE, CETYLPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		GLYCERIN, POLYSORBATE-80, POLOXAMER 407
nervous system - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study		ETHANOL
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		FD&C BLUE 1
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, BENZOIC ACID, SODIUM BENZOATE
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at very low doses		SODIUM SACCHARIN, FD&C YELLOW 5, SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity		SODIUM FLUORIDE

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses		GLYCERIN, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
One or more studies show endocrine system disruption at low doses		SODIUM FLUORIDE

Allergies/immunotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show immune effects at low doses		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)

Persistence and bioaccumulation*

*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative		POLOXAMER 407, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), SODIUM HYDROXIDE, ETHANOL
Not suspected to be persistent		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife and humans		HYDRATED SILICA

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		SORBITOL
One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)	products for use around the eyes, mouth, or lips	POLYSORBATE-80
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		SODIUM SACCHARIN
One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		FD&C BLUE 1
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		CETYLPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		POLOXAMER 407, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, SODIUM BENZOATE, DISODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE
One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at very low doses	products for use around the eyes, mouth, or lips	ETHANOL, BENZOIC ACID
One or more animal studies show metabolic effects at very low doses		SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SODIUM FLUORIDE, GLYCERIN, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), FD&C YELLOW 5

Miscellaneous*

*This table includes all possible miscellaneous concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Occupational hazards related to handling		SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SODIUM FLUORIDE, ETHANOL
Ingredient not fully labeled - identity unknown		FLAVOR

Multiple, additive exposure sources*

*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		POLOXAMER 407, XANTHAN GUM, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), SORBITOL, SODIUM SACCHARIN, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SODIUM FLUORIDE, SODIUM BENZOATE, POLYSORBATE-80, GLYCERIN, FD&C YELLOW 5, FD&C BLUE 1, ETHANOL, DISODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE, CETYLPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE, COPERNICIA CERIFERA (CARNAUBA) WAX, BENZOIC ACID
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		SODIUM FLUORIDE, ETHANOL

Ecotoxicology*

*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Suspected to be an environmental toxin		POLOXAMER 407, SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin		SODIUM HYDROXIDE, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), ETHANOL

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at high doses		SODIUM BENZOATE
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), GLYCERIN
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses		ETHANOL, CETYLPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE, BENZOIC ACID
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at very low doses		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE, SODIUM HYDROXIDE

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		POLOXAMER 407
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		POLYSORBATE-80
Insufficient data to determine safety		BENZOIC ACID
Missing safety data noted by cosmetic industry review		POLOXAMER 407
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		POLOXAMER 407
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		FLAVOR, HYDRATED SILICA
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		COPERNICIA CERIFERA (CARNAUBA) WAX
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		SODIUM SACCHARIN, SORBITOL, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), XANTHAN GUM, SODIUM HYDROXIDE, GLYCERIN, ETHANOL, DISODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE, CETYLPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE, CARBOMER 956

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
No workplace limits set		SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses		ETHANOL
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to very low doses		SODIUM FLUORIDE
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		GLYCERIN
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at very low doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		SODIUM FLUORIDE, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at moderate doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		ETHANOL, GLYCERIN, SODIUM BENZOATE