essie Non Yellowing Topcoat || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

ESSIE NON YELLOWING TOPCOAT

last updated: 10/01/09 brand: Essie by Essie Cosmetics

SCORE

moderate hazard (out of 10)

75%

data gap

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43% of nail polishs have lower concerns

COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company does not test on animals.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards

Ingredients from packaging: Butyl Acetate, Toluene, Acrylates Copolymer, Ethyl Acetate, Dibutyl Phthalate, Amyl Acetate, Nitrocellulose, Tosylamide/Formaldehyde Resin, Cellulose Acetate Butyrate, Isopropyl Alcohol, Benzophenone 1, D&C Violet 2

Directions from packaging: Use as a top coat after applying the last coat of nail polish. Can also be applied in between manicures for extra protection.

Warnings from packaging: Warnings:Avoid heat and flame. Keep out of reach of children. For external use only.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
TOLUENE	10	54%	Cancer, Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Neurotoxicity, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Contamination concerns (BENZENE), Occupational hazards
DIBUTYL PHTHALATE	10	49%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
BENZOPHENONE-1	5	79%	Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
ETHYL ACETATE	4	78%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
D&C VIOLET 2	2	71%	Cancer, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL	4	72%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
TOSYLAMIDE/ FORMALDEHYDE RESIN	4	72%	Allergies/immunotoxicity
ACRYLATES COPOLYMER	3	75%	Contamination concerns (METHACRYLIC ACID, ACRYLIC ACID, 2-ETHYLHEXYL ACRYLATE)
NITROCELLULOSE	1	94%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
CELLULOSE ACETATE BUTYRATE	1	94%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
AMYL ACETATE	1	78%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
BUTYL ACETATE	1	78%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		ETHYL ACETATE
Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen		DIBUTYL PHTHALATE
Cancer - limited evidence		D&C VIOLET 2
Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen		TOLUENE, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Limited evidence of developmental toxicity		ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
Human nervous system toxicant - moderate evidence		ETHYL ACETATE
Possible human developmental toxicant		TOLUENE, DIBUTYL PHTHALATE

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Violation of industry recommendations - Unsafe for use in cosmetics		TOLUENE
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Restrictions on impurities recommended by industry safety panel		TOLUENE, ACRYLATES COPOLYMER
Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics		DIBUTYL PHTHALATE

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity		ETHYL ACETATE, TOLUENE
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		BENZOPHENONE-1
nervous system - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study		BUTYL ACETATE, AMYL ACETATE
Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity		DIBUTYL PHTHALATE, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Human any disruptor - strong evidence		DIBUTYL PHTHALATE, BENZOPHENONE-1

Allergies/immunotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Known human immune system toxicant		DIBUTYL PHTHALATE, TOSYLAMIDE/ FORMALDEHYDE RESIN
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence		BENZOPHENONE-1
Limited evidence of immune system toxicity		TOLUENE

Persistence and bioaccumulation*

*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative		TOLUENE, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, D&C VIOLET 2
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife		DIBUTYL PHTHALATE

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful		CELLULOSE ACETATE BUTYRATE, D&C VIOLET 2, NITROCELLULOSE
Limited evidence of sense organ toxicity		ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, ETHYL ACETATE
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		BENZOPHENONE-1
Known human respiratory toxicant		DIBUTYL PHTHALATE, TOLUENE

Ecotoxicology*

*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin		CELLULOSE ACETATE BUTYRATE, NITROCELLULOSE, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, D&C VIOLET 2
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		TOLUENE, DIBUTYL PHTHALATE

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Classified as skin irritant	products for use on skin	TOLUENE, BUTYL ACETATE, AMYL ACETATE
Classified as irritant		ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, ETHYL ACETATE

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Considered safe based on assumption of low absorption		TOLUENE, ACRYLATES COPOLYMER
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		TOLUENE, ETHYL ACETATE, BUTYL ACETATE, BENZOPHENONE-1, DIBUTYL PHTHALATE, AMYL ACETATE
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		CELLULOSE ACETATE BUTYRATE, NITROCELLULOSE, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
Insufficient data to determine safety		DIBUTYL PHTHALATE, TOLUENE

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		DIBUTYL PHTHALATE
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses		AMYL ACETATE, BUTYL ACETATE, ETHYL ACETATE, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, TOLUENE

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		DIBUTYL PHTHALATE