SkinCeuticals Sport UV Defense, SPF 45 || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

SKINCEUTICALS SPORT UV DEFENSE, SPF 45

last updated: 03/15/09 brand: SkinCeuticals by L'Oréal

SCORE

	health hazard
	sun hazard

75%

data gap

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PRODUCT USES

sunscreen: SPF greater than 30

COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company conducts animal tests.

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Sunscreen effectiveness* breakdown

HIGH	UVB sunburn protection
MEDIUM	UVA protection
HIGH	sunscreen stability

*Note that the same active ingredient combination may score differently in two different products depending on the concentration of the ingredients and the mixture of inactive ingredients.

Active ingredient UV
blocking strength

Product total

OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE) (7.5%)

ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm) (4.5%) (; 60nm; size_assumed)

OCTISALATE (4%)

OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3) (4%)

Note to manufacturers: We have assumed a typical particle size for the mineral(s) in your product based on typical industry use. We welcome specific data from manufacturers if actual particle size is different.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes

Note from EWG: Unlike many other kinds of personal care products, sunscreen can provide health benefits, protecting against the sun's cancer-causing UV radiation. More than one million cases of skin cancer are diagnosed in the U.S. every year. Health officials recommend wearing sunscreen as one of many important steps to minimize skin cancer risk. (more sun safety tips)

Ingredients from packaging: ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: OCTINOXATE (7.5%), ZINC OXIDE (4.5% Z-COTE HP1), OCTISALATE (4.0%), BENZOPHENONE-3 (4.0%) INACTIVE INGREDIENTS: WATER, ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE, HYDROGENATED POLYISOBUTENE, DIISOSTEAROYL POLYGLYCERYL-3-DIISOSTEARATE, OCTYLPALMITATE, CETYL DIMETHICONE, ALOE BARBADENSIS GEL, TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, RETINYL PALMITATE, PHENOXYETHANOL, MAGNESIUM SULFATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL, BEESWAX, METHYLPARABEN, DISODIUM EDTA, BUTYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, PROPYLPARABEN, DIMETHICONE

Directions from packaging: + Apply liberally 20 minutes before sun or water exposure. + Reapply as needed or after prolonged swimming, excessive sweating, or towel drying. + For children less than six months of age, consult a physician.

Warnings from packaging: For external use only. When using this product keep out of eyes. Rinse with water to remove. Stop use and ask a doctor if rash or irritation develops and lasts. To test for sensitivity apply a small amount to the inside of wrist. If redness, burning, or other skin irritations develop, refrain from using the product. Keep out of reach of children. If swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
METHYLPARABEN	10	63%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Biochemical or cellular level changes
OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3) (Active Ingredient)	9	55%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption, Biochemical or cellular level changes
OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE) (Active Ingredient)	6	65%	Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption, Biochemical or cellular level changes
ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm) ZINC OXIDE (4.5% Z-COTE HP1) (Active Ingredient) (; 60nm; size_assumed)	3	74%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
BUTYLPARABEN	6	79%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Biochemical or cellular level changes
ETHYLPARABEN	5	80%	Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
PROPYLPARABEN	5	71%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
RETINYL PALMITATE	5	68%	Cancer, Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Biochemical or cellular level changes
TOCOPHERYL ACETATE	4	81%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Contamination concerns (HYDROQUINONE)
OCTISALATE (Active Ingredient)	3	68%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption
PHENOXYETHANOL	4	67%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
PROPYLENE GLYCOL	4	60%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption
DISODIUM EDTA	3	78%	Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Enhanced skin absorption
DIMETHICONE	2	74%	Violations, restrictions & warnings
MAGNESIUM SULFATE	2	82%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
ETHYLHEXYL PALMITATE OCTYLPALMITATE	1	92%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE	1	86%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL ALOE BARBADENSIS GEL	1	72%	none identified
DIISOSTEAROYL POLYGLYCERYL-3-DIISOSTEARATE	0	100%	none identified
HYDROGENATED POLYISOBUTENE	0	100%	none identified
CETYL DIMETHICONE	0	99%	none identified
BEESWAX	0	93%	none identified
HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL	0	93%	none identified
WATER	0	0%	innocuous

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more in vitro tests non-mammalian cells show positive mutation results		PHENOXYETHANOL, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), MAGNESIUM SULFATE
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm)
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, PROPYLPARABEN, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, METHYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, DISODIUM EDTA, BUTYLPARABEN
Cancer - limited evidence		RETINYL PALMITATE

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		MAGNESIUM SULFATE, ETHYLPARABEN, DISODIUM EDTA,
One or more animal studies show developmental effects at high doses		ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		PROPYLENE GLYCOL,
One or more animal studies show any effects at moderate doses		ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL
Limited evidence of developmental toxicity		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at low doses		RETINYL PALMITATE,
One or more animal studies show any effects at low doses		PROPYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show any effects at very low doses		BUTYLPARABEN

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Recommended restricted in cosmetics - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Product type restrictions or differences noted in safety assessment by industry panel		DIMETHICONE
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Japan - restricted for use in cosmetics (concentration limit)		PHENOXYETHANOL, OCTISALATE, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), RETINYL PALMITATE, ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm)
Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics		METHYLPARABEN

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		RETINYL PALMITATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm), OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses		PHENOXYETHANOL, METHYLPARABEN, MAGNESIUM SULFATE
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at low doses		DISODIUM EDTA

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Human any disruptor - strong evidence		ETHYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN, OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), PROPYLPARABEN
Human any disruptor - moderate evidence		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses		DISODIUM EDTA
Human any disruptor - strong evidence		BUTYLPARABEN

Allergies/immunotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Limited evidence of skin and immune system toxicity		PHENOXYETHANOL
One or more human case studies show possible photoallergic effects		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), OCTISALATE
Limited evidence of skin and immune system toxicity		PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence		TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, METHYLPARABEN, PROPYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN
Possible human photoallergenic toxicant		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)

Persistence and bioaccumulation*

*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife		ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm)
Ingredient is suspected or measured to accumulate in people		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show metabolic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		PROPYLENE GLYCOL,
One or more animal studies show liver effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE
One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		PHENOXYETHANOL,
One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm), OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL, OCTISALATE
Limited evidence of skin toxicity		RETINYL PALMITATE, PROPYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at very low doses		MAGNESIUM SULFATE
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		DISODIUM EDTA
Known human any toxicant		METHYLPARABEN

Ecotoxicology*

*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm), PROPYLPARABEN

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		BUTYLPARABEN, ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses		METHYLPARABEN
Not likely to be a skin irritant in humans		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses		OCTISALATE
Human any irritant - strong evidence	products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne)	ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE
Classified as skin irritant		PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Human any irritant - strong evidence	products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne)	ETHYLHEXYL PALMITATE
Classified as irritant		PHENOXYETHANOL

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		TOCOPHERYL ACETATE
Missing safety data noted by cosmetic industry review		ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL
Insufficient data to determine safety		ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm)
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL, CETYL DIMETHICONE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		PROPYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), RETINYL PALMITATE, HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL, PHENOXYETHANOL, ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE, ETHYLPARABEN, DISODIUM EDTA, ETHYLHEXYL PALMITATE, CETYL DIMETHICONE, DIMETHICONE, BUTYLPARABEN, BEESWAX
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		OCTISALATE, ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm), MAGNESIUM SULFATE, HYDROGENATED POLYISOBUTENE, DIISOSTEAROYL POLYGLYCERYL-3-DIISOSTEARATE

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		PHENOXYETHANOL
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		ZINC OXIDE (Z-COTE, 60nm)

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Interferes with gene expresion		BUTYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN
Does not produces excess reactive oxygen species or other harmful biochemical changes.		OCTISALATE
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		MAGNESIUM SULFATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Produces excess reactive oxygen species that can interfere with cellular signaling, cause mutations, lead to cell death and may be implicated in cardiovascular disease.		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), RETINYL PALMITATE, OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)