Ionil-T Therapeutic Coal Tar Shampoo (2006 formulation) || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

IONIL-T THERAPEUTIC COAL TAR SHAMPOO (2006 FORMULATION)

last updated: 05/01/06 brand: Ionil by Healthpoint

SCORE

high hazard (out of 10)

67%

data gap

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75% of dandruff/scalp treatments have lower concerns
73% of shampoos have lower concerns

COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company's animal testing policy is unknown.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Neurotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards

Ingredients from packaging: COAL TAR TOPICAL SOLUTION 5% EQUIVALENT TO 1% W/V COAL TAR, WATER, LAURETH-23, ALCOHOL 12% V/V, LAURETH-4, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 4% V/V, BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE, TETRASODIUM EDTA. MAY CONTAIN CITRIC ACID AND/OR SODIUM HYDROXIDE TO ADJUST PH.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
COAL TAR	10	57%	Cancer, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Contamination concerns (BENZO[A]PYRENE)
BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE	7	62%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
LAURETH-23	5	83%	Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
ETHANOL ALCOHOL	5	74%	Cancer, Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Occupational hazards
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL	4	72%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
LAURETH-4	3	96%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
SODIUM HYDROXIDE	3	77%	Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
CITRIC ACID	2	72%	Violations, restrictions & warnings
TETRASODIUM EDTA	2	81%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Occupational hazards
WATER	0	0%	innocuous

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more in vitro tests non-mammalian cells show positive mutation results		LAURETH-23
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Cancer - limited evidence		ETHANOL
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE
Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen		ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
Known human carcinogen		COAL TAR

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Limited evidence of reproductive toxicity		ETHANOL
Limited evidence of developmental toxicity		ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Japan - restricted for use in some types of cosmetics (concentration limit)		BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE, BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE, CITRIC ACID
Recommended restricted in cosmetics - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Product type restrictions or differences noted in safety assessment by industry panel		COAL TAR
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE
Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics		COAL TAR, COAL TAR

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at very low doses		SODIUM HYDROXIDE
nervous system - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study		ETHANOL
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at low doses		LAURETH-23
Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity		ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL

Allergies/immunotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence		COAL TAR
Known human immune system toxicant		BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE

Persistence and bioaccumulation*

*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not suspected to be persistent		LAURETH-23
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative		COAL TAR, ETHANOL, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, SODIUM HYDROXIDE

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		TETRASODIUM EDTA, CITRIC ACID
Limited evidence of sense organ toxicity		ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
Known human respiratory toxicant		COAL TAR
Possible human immune system toxicant		BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE
Limited evidence of gastrointestinal or liver toxicity		ETHANOL
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		LAURETH-23
One or more animal studies show metabolic effects at very low doses		SODIUM HYDROXIDE

Multiple, additive exposure sources*

*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		TETRASODIUM EDTA, SODIUM HYDROXIDE, LAURETH-23, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, ETHANOL, CITRIC ACID
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		ETHANOL

Ecotoxicology*

*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Suspected to be an environmental toxin		LAURETH-23, COAL TAR
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin		SODIUM HYDROXIDE, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, ETHANOL

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		COAL TAR, CITRIC ACID
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses		TETRASODIUM EDTA, ETHANOL
Human any irritant - strong evidence	products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne)	LAURETH-23, LAURETH-4
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at very low doses		SODIUM HYDROXIDE
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses		BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE
Classified as irritant		ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		LAURETH-4
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		TETRASODIUM EDTA
Insufficient data to determine safety		COAL TAR
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		LAURETH-23
Missing safety data noted by cosmetic industry review		COAL TAR
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		LAURETH-4, LAURETH-23
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		SODIUM HYDROXIDE, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, ETHANOL, CITRIC ACID

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		TETRASODIUM EDTA
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses		ETHANOL, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
No workplace limits set		SODIUM HYDROXIDE

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at moderate doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		LAURETH-23
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		CITRIC ACID, ETHANOL