Laura Mercier Secret Brightener (2006 formulation) || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

LAURA MERCIER SECRET BRIGHTENER (2006 FORMULATION)

last updated: 05/01/06 brand: Laura Mercier by Gurwitch Products, L.L.C.

SCORE

high hazard (out of 10)

80%

data gap

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COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company's animal testing policy is unknown.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Miscellaneous, Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes

Ingredients from packaging: INGREDIENTS: #1: WATER (AQUA), CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC TRIGLYCERIDE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, CYCLOMETHICONE, ETHYLHEXYL METHOXYCINNAMATE, POTASSIUM CETYL PHOSPHATE, OCTYLDODECANOL, GLYCERIN, PROPYLENE GLYCOL STEARATE, SILICA SQUALANE, GLYCERYL STEARATE, CETEARYL ALCOHOL, BENZOPHENONE 3, HYDROGENATED LECITHIN, BIS-PEG-18 METHYL ETHER DIMETHYL SILANE, CHOLETH-24, CETETH-24, PEG-100 STEARATE, ACRYLATES/C10-30 ALKYL ACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER, METHYLPARABEN, SORBIC ACID, SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE, PHENOXYETHANOL, PROPYLPARABEN, TETRASODIUM EDTA, FRAGRANCE (PARFUM), CAMELLIA KISSI SEED OIL, SODIUM HYALURONATE, HECTORITE, MINERAL OIL, XANTHAN GUM, PRUNUS ARMENIACA (APRICOT) KERNEL OIL, TOCOPHEROL, BUTYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, ASCORBYL PALMITATE, ISOBUTYLPARABEN, CRATAEGUS OXYACANTHA EXTRACT, LINALOOL, HEXYL CINNAMAL. +/-[MAY CONTAIN]: MICA (CI 77019), TITANIUM DIOXIDE (CI 77891), IRON OXIDES (CI 77491, CI 77492, CI 77499), ULTRAMARINES (CI 77007).

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
METHYLPARABEN	10	63%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Biochemical or cellular level changes
OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3) (Active Ingredient)	9	55%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption, Biochemical or cellular level changes
FRAGRANCE	8	100%	Neurotoxicity, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Miscellaneous
OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE) ETHYLHEXYL METHOXYCINNAMATE (Active Ingredient)	8	65%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption, Biochemical or cellular level changes
SILICA	1	69%	Biochemical or cellular level changes
PEG-100 STEARATE	4	69%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE, ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
BUTYLPARABEN	6	79%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Biochemical or cellular level changes
BIS-PEG-18 METHYL ETHER DIMETHYL SILANE	4	76%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
ETHYLPARABEN	5	80%	Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
PROPYLPARABEN	5	71%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
LINALOOL	5	65%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
CETETH-24	3	84%	Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE, ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)	1	81%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes
MINERAL OIL	2	73%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
PHENOXYETHANOL	4	67%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
HEXYL CINNAMAL	4	65%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
PROPYLENE GLYCOL	4	60%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption
CHOLETH-24	3	92%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE, ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
ISOBUTYLPARABEN	3	83%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
SORBIC ACID	3	80%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
CI 77491	2	76%	Persistence and bioaccumulation, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes
MICA	3	75%	Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
CI 77499	3	74%	Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes
ULTRAMARINES	2	90%	Multiple, additive exposure sources
TOCOPHEROL	2	87%	Contamination concerns (HYDROQUINONE)
IRON OXIDES	2	85%	Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption
CYCLOMETHICONE	2	83%	Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
TETRASODIUM EDTA	2	81%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Occupational hazards
SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE	2	78%	Occupational hazards
HECTORITE	2	75%	Violations, restrictions & warnings
GLYCERIN	2	74%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
HYDROGENATED LECITHIN	2	74%	Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns (NITROSAMINES)
CAPRYLIC/ CAPRIC TRIGLYCERIDE	0	94%	none identified
CETEARYL ALCOHOL	0	93%	none identified
SQUALANE	1	93%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE)	1	88%	none identified
GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE GLYCERYL STEARATE	1	88%	none identified
PROPYLENE GLYCOL STEARATE	1	88%	none identified
OCTYLDODECANOL	1	87%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
SODIUM HYALURONATE	1	83%	none identified
ACRYLATES/ C10-30 ALKYL ACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER	0	100%	none identified
CAMELLIA KISSI SEED OIL	0	100%	none identified
POTASSIUM CETYL PHOSPHATE	0	100%	none identified
CI 77492	0	100%	none identified
CRATAEGUS OXYACANTHA EXTRACT	0	100%	none identified
PRUNUS ARMENIACA (APRICOT) KERNEL OIL	0	94%	none identified
XANTHAN GUM	0	94%	none identified
WATER	0	0%	innocuous

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show tumor formation at high doses		MINERAL OIL
One or more in vitro tests non-mammalian cells show positive mutation results		PHENOXYETHANOL, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), LINALOOL
One or more animal studies show tumor formation at moderate doses		PEG-100 STEARATE
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		TOCOPHEROL, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), SORBIC ACID, SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE, PROPYLPARABEN, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, METHYLPARABEN, GLYCERIN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN
Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen		CI 77499, CI 77491

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		PEG-100 STEARATE, SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		SODIUM HYALURONATE,
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		ETHYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		PROPYLENE GLYCOL, GLYCERIN
Limited evidence of developmental toxicity		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show any effects at low doses		PROPYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show any effects at very low doses		BUTYLPARABEN

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		PEG-100 STEARATE, BIS-PEG-18 METHYL ETHER DIMETHYL SILANE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Recommended restricted in cosmetics - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Product type restrictions or differences noted in safety assessment by industry panel		HECTORITE
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		HYDROGENATED LECITHIN
Recommended restricted in cosmetics - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Fragrance subject to restrictions: safe only within recommended use or concentration limitsn)		HEXYL CINNAMAL, LINALOOL
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Japan - restricted for use in some types of cosmetics (concentration limit)	products for use around the eyes; products for use on the lips	OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics		METHYLPARABEN
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Japan - restricted for use in some types of cosmetics (concentration limit)		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), PHENOXYETHANOL

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		CETETH-24, ULTRAMARINES, SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), HEXYL CINNAMAL, GLYCERIN
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses		SODIUM HYALURONATE, PHENOXYETHANOL, METHYLPARABEN, LINALOOL
Moderate evidence of human neurotoxicity		FRAGRANCE

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses		GLYCERIN
One or more animal studies show endocrine disruption at moderate doses		ISOBUTYLPARABEN
Human any disruptor - moderate evidence		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
Human any disruptor - strong evidence		PROPYLPARABEN, OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), METHYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN

Allergies/immunotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show gastrointestinal effects at moderate doses		MICA
Limited evidence of skin and immune system toxicity		PHENOXYETHANOL
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence		SORBIC ACID
Limited evidence of skin and immune system toxicity		PROPYLENE GLYCOL
One or more human case studies show possible photoallergic effects		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
One or more animal studies show immune effects at low doses		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence		PROPYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN, ISOBUTYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN
Possible human photoallergenic toxicant		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), LINALOOL, HEXYL CINNAMAL
Known human immune system toxicant		FRAGRANCE

Persistence and bioaccumulation*

*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)
Ingredient is suspected or measured to accumulate in people		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife		CYCLOMETHICONE
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife and humans		CI 77499, IRON OXIDES, MICA

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE), HEXYL CINNAMAL, CETETH-24, ULTRAMARINES,
One or more animal studies show liver effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Limited evidence of sense organ toxicity		PEG-100 STEARATE
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL STEARATE
Limited evidence of sense organ toxicity		BIS-PEG-18 METHYL ETHER DIMETHYL SILANE, SORBIC ACID, PROPYLPARABEN, ISOBUTYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN, CI 77499
One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at low doses	products for use around the eyes, mouth, or lips	MINERAL OIL
One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at very low doses	products for use around the eyes, mouth, or lips	PHENOXYETHANOL
One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at low doses	products for use around the eyes, mouth, or lips	LINALOOL
Limited evidence of eye toxicity	products for use around the eyes	TETRASODIUM EDTA
Possible human respiratory toxicant		MICA
One or more animal studies show cardiovascular effects at very low doses		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), GLYCERIN
Known human any toxicant		METHYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE,
One or more animal studies show cardiovascular effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)	products for use around the eyes, mouth, or lips	CYCLOMETHICONE, OCTYLDODECANOL, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, SILICA, SODIUM HYALURONATE

Miscellaneous*

*This table includes all possible miscellaneous concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Ingredient not fully labeled - identity unknown		FRAGRANCE

Multiple, additive exposure sources*

*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		CI 77491, CI 77499, PEG-100 STEARATE, BIS-PEG-18 METHYL ETHER DIMETHYL SILANE, XANTHAN GUM, TOCOPHEROL, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), TETRASODIUM EDTA, IRON OXIDES, SORBIC ACID, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, PROPYLENE GLYCOL STEARATE, SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE, PRUNUS ARMENIACA (APRICOT) KERNEL OIL, PROPYLPARABEN, MINERAL OIL, METHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN, LINALOOL, GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE, GLYCERIN, ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE)
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		ULTRAMARINES
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		HEXYL CINNAMAL

Ecotoxicology*

*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Suspected to be an environmental toxin		CYCLOMETHICONE
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		PROPYLPARABEN

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not likely to be a skin irritant in humans		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at high doses		CETETH-24
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), SODIUM HYALURONATE, MINERAL OIL, GLYCERIN, CYCLOMETHICONE, BUTYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses		TETRASODIUM EDTA, SQUALANE, METHYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at very low doses		PEG-100 STEARATE, SORBIC ACID, LINALOOL, HEXYL CINNAMAL, CHOLETH-24
Human any irritant - strong evidence	products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne)	OCTYLDODECANOL
Classified as skin irritant		PROPYLENE GLYCOL, PHENOXYETHANOL

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		PEG-100 STEARATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, CETETH-24, CETETH-24, CHOLETH-24, ISOBUTYLPARABEN
Missing safety data noted by cosmetic industry review		CHOLETH-24
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		PEG-100 STEARATE, TOCOPHEROL, CETETH-24, SORBIC ACID, TETRASODIUM EDTA, SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL STEARATE, PROPYLPARABEN, PHENOXYETHANOL, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), METHYLPARABEN, OCTYLDODECANOL, HECTORITE, GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE, ETHYLPARABEN, CYCLOMETHICONE, CHOLETH-24, CETEARYL ALCOHOL, BUTYLPARABEN, ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE)
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		CRATAEGUS OXYACANTHA EXTRACT, CI 77499, CI 77492, BIS-PEG-18 METHYL ETHER DIMETHYL SILANE, XANTHAN GUM, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), SQUALANE, PRUNUS ARMENIACA (APRICOT) KERNEL OIL, POTASSIUM CETYL PHOSPHATE, MINERAL OIL, LINALOOL, HEXYL CINNAMAL, GLYCERIN, FRAGRANCE, CAPRYLIC/ CAPRIC TRIGLYCERIDE, CAMELLIA KISSI SEED OIL, ACRYLATES/ C10-30 ALKYL ACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		CI 77499, MINERAL OIL
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		TETRASODIUM EDTA
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		MICA
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		GLYCERIN
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to very low doses		CI 77491
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), PHENOXYETHANOL, SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Interferes with gene expresion		METHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN
Produces excess reactive oxygen species that can interfere with cellular signaling, cause mutations, lead to cell death and may be implicated in cardiovascular disease.		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show blood sugar changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		PROPYLENE GLYCOL
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at low doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		CI 77499
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		CYCLOMETHICONE, GLYCERIN, CETETH-24
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at low doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		CI 77491
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at very low doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		SILICA, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)