Paula Dorf Brow Duet for Brows, Pewter, Blonde (2005 formulation) || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

PAULA DORF BROW DUET FOR BROWS, PEWTER, BLONDE (2005 FORMULATION)

last updated: 04/01/05 brand: Paula Dorf by Paula Dorf Cosmetics

SCORE

high hazard (out of 10)

81%

data gap

BUY ONLINE/BETTER PRODUCTS

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97% of brow liners have lower concerns

COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company's animal testing policy is unknown.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Endocrine disruption, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes

Ingredients from packaging: TALC, POLYETHYLENE, ZINC STEARATE, TRICAPRYLIN, TOCOPHEROL, METHYLPARABEN, PROPYLPARABEN, IMIDAZOLIDINYL UREA, ASCORBYL PALMITATE, MAY CONTAIN: IRON OXIDES, ULTRAMARINES, TITANIUM DIOXIDE, MANGANESE VIOLET, CHROMIUM HYDROXIDE GREEN, CHROMIUM OXIDE GREEN

Directions from packaging: Apply with Brow Brush.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
METHYLPARABEN	10	63%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Biochemical or cellular level changes
POLYETHYLENE	6	69%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
PROPYLPARABEN	5	71%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
IMIDAZOLIDINYL UREA	5	70%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Contamination concerns (FORMALDEHYDE)
TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO) (May Contain) (; 15nm; size_assumed)	4	81%	Cancer, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes
CHROMIUM OXIDE GREENS (May Contain)	3	86%	Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Enhanced skin absorption, Occupational hazards
TALC	3	86%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Contamination concerns (ASBESTIFORM FIBERS), Occupational hazards
ZINC STEARATE	3	76%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
ULTRAMARINES (May Contain)	2	90%	Multiple, additive exposure sources
TOCOPHEROL	2	87%	Contamination concerns (HYDROQUINONE)
IRON OXIDES (May Contain)	2	85%	Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption
CHROMIUM HYDROXIDE GREEN (May Contain)	1	84%	Persistence and bioaccumulation
MANGANESE VIOLET (May Contain)	0	94%	none identified
ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE)	1	88%	none identified
TRICAPRYLIN	1	76%	Enhanced skin absorption

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show tumor formation at high doses		TRICAPRYLIN, POLYETHYLENE,
One or more animal studies show tumor formation at high doses		TOCOPHEROL
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), PROPYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN, CHROMIUM OXIDE GREENS
Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen		CHROMIUM HYDROXIDE GREEN

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		TRICAPRYLIN
One or more animal studies show any effects at low doses		PROPYLPARABEN

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics		METHYLPARABEN
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		POLYETHYLENE

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		ULTRAMARINES, TRICAPRYLIN
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses		METHYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		POLYETHYLENE

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more studies show weak endocrine disruption		METHYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses		TRICAPRYLIN
Limited evidence of any disruption		PROPYLPARABEN

Allergies/immunotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show immune effects at low doses	products that may be aerosolized (airborne)	TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)
Human immune system toxicant - moderate evidence		POLYETHYLENE
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence		PROPYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN
Known human immune system toxicant		IMIDAZOLIDINYL UREA
Limited evidence of immune system toxicity		ZINC STEARATE

Persistence and bioaccumulation*

*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife		ZINC STEARATE, IRON OXIDES, CHROMIUM HYDROXIDE GREEN

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show no adverse any effects at high doses		CHROMIUM HYDROXIDE GREEN
One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		ULTRAMARINES, POLYETHYLENE, ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE), IMIDAZOLIDINYL UREA, TRICAPRYLIN
One or more animal studies show respiratory effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)	products that may be aerosolized (airborne)	ZINC STEARATE
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		PROPYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN, CHROMIUM OXIDE GREENS
Limited evidence of respiratory toxicity	products that may be aerosolized (airborne)	TALC
One or more animal studies show respiratory effects at low doses	products that may be aerosolized (airborne)	TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)

Multiple, additive exposure sources*

*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		ZINC STEARATE, TOCOPHEROL, PROPYLPARABEN, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), TALC, IRON OXIDES, POLYETHYLENE, ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE), METHYLPARABEN
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		ULTRAMARINES

Ecotoxicology*

*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		PROPYLPARABEN

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at high doses		METHYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), TALC
Human any irritant - strong evidence	products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne)	POLYETHYLENE

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		ZINC STEARATE
Missing safety data noted by cosmetic industry review		POLYETHYLENE
Considered safe based on assumption of low absorption		POLYETHYLENE
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		TRICAPRYLIN
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		ZINC STEARATE, PROPYLPARABEN, TOCOPHEROL, POLYETHYLENE
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		CHROMIUM OXIDE GREENS, CHROMIUM HYDROXIDE GREEN
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		METHYLPARABEN, IMIDAZOLIDINYL UREA
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), TALC
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		ASCORBYL PALMITATE (VITAMIN C PALMITATE)

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		TALC
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), ZINC STEARATE
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		CHROMIUM OXIDE GREENS

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at very low doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		POLYETHYLENE
Interferes with gene expresion		METHYLPARABEN