Vita-K Solution (Skin Lightening System) (2005 formulation) || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

VITA-K SOLUTION (SKIN LIGHTENING SYSTEM) (2005 FORMULATION)

last updated: 04/01/05 brand: Vita-K by Woodridge Labs

SCORE

high hazard (out of 10)

81%

data gap

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99% of skin fading/lighteners have lower concerns

COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company's animal testing policy is unknown.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Neurotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Miscellaneous, Multiple, additive exposure sources, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards, Biochemical or cellular level changes

Ingredients from packaging: WATER, GLYCERIN, POLYSORBATE, CARBOMER, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, DAZOLIDINYL UREA, SODIUM HYDROXIDE, METHYLPARABEN, ALOE BARBADENSIS GEL, ALLANTOIN, POLYQUATERNIUM-7, BENZOPHENONE-4, PANTHENOL, DIMETHICONE COPOLYOL, PROPYLPARABEN, TETRASODIUM, EDTA, FRAGRANCE, CHAMOMILE EXTRACT, ROSEMARY EXTRACT, CALENDULA EXTRACT, ORANGE PEEL EXTRACT, LEMONGRASS EXTRACT, BASIL EXTRACT, SAFE EXTRACT, HORSETAIL EXTRACT, EUCALYPTUS EXTRACT, HONEY EXTRACT, BLACK WALNUT EXTRACT, BENZYL ALCOHOL, FD&C BLUE #1, FD&C YELLOW #5 LIGHTENING TREATMENT ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: HYDROQUINONE 2.0%, SEE INSIDE PAMPHLET FOR WARNINGS. INACTIVE INGREDIENTS: WATER, ISOHEXADECANE, GLYCERIN, TRIMETHYLPENTANEDIOL/ADIPIC ACID COPOLYMER, STEARETH-21, CETYL ALCOHOL, STEARYL ALCOHOL, POLYACRYLAMIDE (&) C13-14 ISOPARAFFIN (&) LAURETH-7, BEHENYL ALCOHOL, DIMETHICONE COPOLYOL, SUCROSE COCOATE, STEARETH-2, DEA-OLETH-3_PHOSPHATE, DMDM HYDANTION (&) IDOPROPYNL BUTYLCARBAMATE, POLYSORBATE, SALICYLIC ACID, SODIUM METABISULFITE, ALOE BARBADENSIS GEL SPF 15 LOTION ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: OCTINOXATE 7.5%, OCTISALATE 3.0%, OXYBENZONE 3.0%. INACTIVE INGREDIENTS: WATER, STEARIC ACID, GLYCERIN, CETYL ALCOHOL, GLYCERYL STEARATE, ISOPROPYL PALMITATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, DEA-CETYL PHOSPHATE, DIMETHICONE COPOLYOL, SWEET ALMOND OIL, TRIETHANOLAMINE, BUTYLENE GLYCOL, HYDRATED SILICA, MAGNESIUM ALUMINUM SILICATE, DIAZOLIDINYL UREA, METHYLPARABEN, STABILIZER, DIMETHICONE, PROPYLPARABEN, DISODIUM EDTA, ALOE BARBADENSIS EXTRACT, PHYTONADIONE (VITAMIN K) FOR QUESTIONS ABOUT THIS OR OTHER PRODUCTS CALL 1-888-766-7331 OR VISIT US AT VITAKSOLUTION.COM.

Directions from packaging: 3 Easy Steps Clean face. Apply toner with a cotton ball and smooth over face and/or other areas and allow to dry. Apply a thick layer of the lightening treatment on desired areas. Apply SPF 15 protectant to treated areas to help maintain results. See inside pamphlet for more detailed instructions.

Warnings from packaging: For external use only. If irritation develops, discontinue use. For use on children under the age of 6 months, consult a physician. Avoid contact with eyes. Rinse with water if contact occurs. Keep out of reach of children. See further warnings on inside pamphlet.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
METHYLPARABEN	10	63%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Biochemical or cellular level changes
HYDROQUINONE (Active Ingredient)	10	52%	Cancer, Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Neurotoxicity, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
DMDM HYDANTOIN DMDM HYDANTION	7	71%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Contamination concerns (FORMALDEHYDE)
OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3) (Active Ingredient)	9	55%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Violations, restrictions & warnings, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption, Biochemical or cellular level changes
FRAGRANCE	8	100%	Neurotoxicity, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Miscellaneous
OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE) (Active Ingredient)	6	65%	Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Enhanced skin absorption, Biochemical or cellular level changes
SALICYLIC ACID (Active Ingredient)	7	66%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Neurotoxicity, Persistence and bioaccumulation, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Enhanced skin absorption
SODIUM METABISULFITE	6	70%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE IDOPROPYNL BUTYLCARBAMATE	4	65%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
BENZYL ALCOHOL	6	64%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Neurotoxicity, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Occupational hazards
DIAZOLIDINYL UREA DAZOLIDINYL UREA	6	59%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Contamination concerns (FORMALDEHYDE)
TRIETHANOLAMINE	6	58%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Contamination concerns (NITROSAMINES), Occupational hazards
PROPYLPARABEN	5	71%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Endocrine disruption, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
PROPRIETARY INGREDIENTS STABILIZER	4	100%	Miscellaneous
MAGNESIUM ALUMINUM SILICATE	4	88%	Developmental/reproductive toxicity, Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
OCTISALATE (Active Ingredient)	3	68%	Violations, restrictions & warnings, Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption
SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4) (Active Ingredient)	3	66%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption
PROPYLENE GLYCOL	4	60%	Allergies/immunotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption
POLYACRLYAMIDE C 13-14 ISOPARAFFIN LAURETH-7 POLYACRYLAMIDE (&) C13-14 ISOPARAFFIN (&) LAURETH-7	3	100%	Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
DEA-OLETH-3 PHOSPHATE	3	94%	Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE, 1,4-DIOXANE)
DISODIUM EDTA	3	78%	Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Enhanced skin absorption
SODIUM HYDROXIDE	3	77%	Neurotoxicity, Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
DIMETHICONE	2	74%	Violations, restrictions & warnings
POLYQUATERNIUM-7	2	93%	Contamination concerns (ACRYLAMIDE)
PANTHENOL	2	88%	Multiple, additive exposure sources
FD&C BLUE 1	1	83%	none identified
TETRASODIUM EDTA	2	81%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs), Enhanced skin absorption, Occupational hazards
HYDRATED SILICA	2	79%	Persistence and bioaccumulation
GLYCERIN	2	74%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
STEARIC ACID	2	74%	Neurotoxicity, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
OCIMUM BASILICUM (SWEET BASIL) EXTRACT	1	100%	Multiple, additive exposure sources
POLYSORBATE	1	98%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
ISOHEXADECANE	0	94%	none identified
STEARETH-21	1	89%	none identified
GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE GLYCERYL STEARATE	1	88%	none identified
STEARETH-2	1	88%	none identified
CETYL ALCOHOL	1	87%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
ISOPROPYL PALMITATE	1	87%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
PHYTONADIONE	1	87%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Biochemical or cellular level changes
STEARYL ALCOHOL	1	84%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
ANTHEMIS NOBILIS (CHAMOMILE) EXTRACT	1	80%	Enhanced skin absorption
BUTYLENE GLYCOL	1	79%	Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) LEAF EXTRACT ALOE BARBADENSIS EXTRACT	1	75%	none identified
ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL ALOE BARBADENSIS GEL	1	72%	none identified
EQUISETUM ARVENSE (HORSETAIL) EXTRACT	0	100%	none identified
EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS (TASMANIAN BLUE GUM) LEAF EXTRACT EUCALYPTUS EXTRACT	0	100%	none identified
JUGLANS NIGRA (BLACK WALNUT) LEAF EXTRACT BLACK WALNUT EXTRACT	0	100%	none identified
ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS (ROSEMARY) LEAF EXTRACT ROSEMARY EXTRACT	0	100%	none identified
SUCROSE COCOATE	0	100%	none identified
TRIMETHYLPENTANEDIOL/ ADIPIC ACID COPOLYMER	0	100%	none identified
CITRUS AURANTIUM DULCIS (ORANGE) PEEL POWDER ORANGE PEEL EXTRACT	0	100%	none identified
CALENDULA OFFICINALIS (POT MARIGOLD) EXTRACT CALENDULA EXTRACT	0	100%	none identified
ALLANTOIN	0	94%	none identified
CYMBOPOGON SCHOENANTHUS (LEMONGRASS) EXTRACT	0	94%	none identified
DEA-CETYL PHOSPHATE	0	94%	none identified
HONEY EXTRACT	0	94%	none identified
BEHENYL ALCOHOL	0	93%	none identified
CARBOMER	0	93%	none identified
PRUNUS AMYGDALUS DULCIS (SWEET ALMOND) OIL	0	93%	none identified
WATER	0	0%	innocuous

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show tumor formation at high doses		STEARYL ALCOHOL
Not likely to be mutagenic in humans		SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4)
One or more in vitro tests non-mammalian cells show positive mutation results		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		SODIUM METABISULFITE, SODIUM HYDROXIDE, PROPYLPARABEN, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, METHYLPARABEN, GLYCERIN, DISODIUM EDTA, DIAZOLIDINYL UREA, BENZYL ALCOHOL
Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen		SALICYLIC ACID
Not likely to be carcinogenic in humans		STEARIC ACID
Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen		HYDRATED SILICA, TRIETHANOLAMINE, FD&C BLUE 1
Limited evidence of carcinogenicity		HYDROQUINONE

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		SODIUM METABISULFITE, DISODIUM EDTA
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at high doses		BENZYL ALCOHOL, BUTYLENE GLYCOL
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		SALICYLIC ACID, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, GLYCERIN,
One or more animal studies show any effects at moderate doses		ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL
Limited evidence of developmental toxicity		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show any effects at low doses		PROPYLPARABEN
Human nervous system toxicant - moderate evidence		MAGNESIUM ALUMINUM SILICATE, HYDROQUINONE

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		TRIETHANOLAMINE, SALICYLIC ACID, IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, HYDROQUINONE, DIAZOLIDINYL UREA
Recommended restricted in cosmetics - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Fragrance subject to restrictions: safe only within recommended use or concentration limitsn)		BENZYL ALCOHOL, BENZYL ALCOHOL, DIMETHICONE
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - any		HYDROQUINONE, ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL, ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) LEAF EXTRACT, BENZYL ALCOHOL
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Japan - restricted for use in some types of cosmetics (concentration limit)		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), SALICYLIC ACID, HYDROQUINONE, OCTISALATE, DMDM HYDANTOIN, IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE, SALICYLIC ACID, IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE, DMDM HYDANTOIN
Violation of industry recommendations - Restricted in cosmetics; use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Safe for brief discontinuous use followed by thorough rinsing	products that are intended to be left on the skin	HYDROQUINONE
Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics		METHYLPARABEN

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		PROPYLENE GLYCOL, FD&C BLUE 1, DIAZOLIDINYL UREA, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), GLYCERIN, BUTYLENE GLYCOL
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses		ANTHEMIS NOBILIS (CHAMOMILE) EXTRACT, METHYLPARABEN, SODIUM METABISULFITE
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at low doses		SALICYLIC ACID, DISODIUM EDTA
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at very low doses		STEARIC ACID, SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Moderate evidence of human neurotoxicity		FRAGRANCE
Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity		MAGNESIUM ALUMINUM SILICATE, HYDROQUINONE, BENZYL ALCOHOL

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Associated with endocrine disruption		SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4)
One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses		ANTHEMIS NOBILIS (CHAMOMILE) EXTRACT, TRIETHANOLAMINE, GLYCERIN, HYDROQUINONE, DISODIUM EDTA, DIAZOLIDINYL UREA, BUTYLENE GLYCOL
Human any disruptor - moderate evidence		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
Human any disruptor - strong evidence		PROPYLPARABEN, METHYLPARABEN, OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)

Allergies/immunotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible allergies/immunotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more human case studies show possible immune effects		OCTISALATE, OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE), BENZYL ALCOHOL
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence		PROPYLPARABEN
Limited evidence of skin and immune system toxicity		PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Human skin toxicant - strong evidence		SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4), IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE, METHYLPARABEN
Possible human photoallergenic toxicant		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
Known human immune system toxicant		TRIETHANOLAMINE, HYDROQUINONE, SODIUM METABISULFITE, FRAGRANCE, DMDM HYDANTOIN, DIAZOLIDINYL UREA

Persistence and bioaccumulation*

*This table includes all possible persistence and bioaccumulation concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative		TRIETHANOLAMINE, SODIUM METABISULFITE, SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Not suspected to be persistent		HYDROQUINONE, CETYL ALCOHOL
Ingredient is suspected or measured to accumulate in people		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife		SALICYLIC ACID
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife and humans		HYDRATED SILICA

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show metabolic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		PROPYLENE GLYCOL, BENZYL ALCOHOL, ANTHEMIS NOBILIS (CHAMOMILE) EXTRACT,
One or more animal studies show liver effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
One or more animal studies show cardiovascular effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		CETYL ALCOHOL, STEARYL ALCOHOL, STEARIC ACID, PANTHENOL, DIAZOLIDINYL UREA, BUTYLENE GLYCOL
One or more animal studies show sense effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4)
One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		TETRASODIUM EDTA,
One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		FD&C BLUE 1, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		STEARETH-21, OCTISALATE, STEARETH-2, DMDM HYDANTOIN, GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE, ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL
Limited evidence of sense organ toxicity		PROPYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show metabolic effects at low doses		SALICYLIC ACID
Limited evidence of sense organ toxicity		POLYSORBATE, IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE, MAGNESIUM ALUMINUM SILICATE
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		ISOPROPYL PALMITATE
One or more animal studies show metabolic effects at very low doses		SODIUM HYDROXIDE
One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses		DISODIUM EDTA
One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at very low doses		GLYCERIN, PHYTONADIONE
Possible human immune system toxicant		TRIETHANOLAMINE, SODIUM METABISULFITE
Known human respiratory toxicant		HYDROQUINONE, METHYLPARABEN

Miscellaneous*

*This table includes all possible miscellaneous concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Occupational hazards related to handling		SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SODIUM METABISULFITE
Ingredient not fully labeled - identity unknown		PROPRIETARY INGREDIENTS, FRAGRANCE

Multiple, additive exposure sources*

*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		TRIETHANOLAMINE, PROPYLPARABEN, TETRASODIUM EDTA, STEARYL ALCOHOL, STEARIC ACID, SODIUM METABISULFITE, SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SALICYLIC ACID, ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS (ROSEMARY) LEAF EXTRACT, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, OCIMUM BASILICUM (SWEET BASIL) EXTRACT, METHYLPARABEN, ISOPROPYL PALMITATE, GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE, GLYCERIN, FD&C BLUE 1, DISODIUM EDTA, CETYL ALCOHOL, DIMETHICONE, BUTYLENE GLYCOL, BENZYL ALCOHOL, ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		SALICYLIC ACID, PANTHENOL, OCIMUM BASILICUM (SWEET BASIL) EXTRACT

Ecotoxicology*

*This table includes all possible ecotoxicology concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Suspected to be an environmental toxin		CETYL ALCOHOL
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin		SODIUM METABISULFITE, TRIETHANOLAMINE, SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
Wildlife and environmental toxicity		HYDROQUINONE, PROPYLPARABEN

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not likely to be a skin irritant in humans		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at high doses		IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		ANTHEMIS NOBILIS (CHAMOMILE) EXTRACT, SALICYLIC ACID, GLYCERIN
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses		TETRASODIUM EDTA, STEARIC ACID, OCTISALATE, METHYLPARABEN, BENZYL ALCOHOL, ISOPROPYL PALMITATE
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at very low doses		SODIUM HYDROXIDE, TRIETHANOLAMINE, CETYL ALCOHOL, HYDROQUINONE
Human any irritant - strong evidence	products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne)	SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4), STEARYL ALCOHOL, DMDM HYDANTOIN, BUTYLENE GLYCOL
Classified as skin irritant		PROPYLENE GLYCOL, SODIUM METABISULFITE

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		ANTHEMIS NOBILIS (CHAMOMILE) EXTRACT
Missing safety data noted by cosmetic industry review		ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) GEL
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		STEARETH-2
Missing safety data noted by cosmetic industry review		ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA) LEAF EXTRACT
Safety assessment was based on related chemical		IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		STEARETH-2, TETRASODIUM EDTA, PRUNUS AMYGDALUS DULCIS (SWEET ALMOND) OIL, SULISOBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-4), SODIUM METABISULFITE, STEARYL ALCOHOL, STEARIC ACID, POLYQUATERNIUM-7, PROPYLPARABEN, PANTHENOL, OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), MAGNESIUM ALUMINUM SILICATE, METHYLPARABEN, GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE, ISOPROPYL PALMITATE, CETYL ALCOHOL, DIMETHICONE, DMDM HYDANTOIN, DISODIUM EDTA, BUTYLENE GLYCOL, CARBOMER, BEHENYL ALCOHOL
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		ANTHEMIS NOBILIS (CHAMOMILE) EXTRACT, CALENDULA OFFICINALIS (POT MARIGOLD) EXTRACT, STEARETH-21, HYDRATED SILICA, CITRUS AURANTIUM DULCIS (ORANGE) PEEL POWDER, TRIMETHYLPENTANEDIOL/ ADIPIC ACID COPOLYMER, SUCROSE COCOATE, SODIUM HYDROXIDE, ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS (ROSEMARY) LEAF EXTRACT, POLYSORBATE, POLYACRLYAMIDE C 13-14 ISOPARAFFIN LAURETH-7, PHYTONADIONE, PROPRIETARY INGREDIENTS, OCTISALATE, OCIMUM BASILICUM (SWEET BASIL) EXTRACT, JUGLANS NIGRA (BLACK WALNUT) LEAF EXTRACT, ISOHEXADECANE, HONEY EXTRACT, GLYCERIN, FRAGRANCE, EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS (TASMANIAN BLUE GUM) LEAF EXTRACT, EQUISETUM ARVENSE (HORSETAIL) EXTRACT, DEA-OLETH-3 PHOSPHATE, DEA-CETYL PHOSPHATE, CYMBOPOGON SCHOENANTHUS (LEMONGRASS) EXTRACT, ALLANTOIN

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		GLYCERIN
No workplace limits set		SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		TRIETHANOLAMINE
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		HYDROQUINONE,
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses		TETRASODIUM EDTA, SODIUM METABISULFITE, BENZYL ALCOHOL

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Does not produces excess reactive oxygen species or other harmful biochemical changes.		OCTISALATE
Interferes with gene expresion		METHYLPARABEN
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at moderate doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		SODIUM METABISULFITE
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		GLYCERIN, PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Produces excess reactive oxygen species that can interfere with cellular signaling, cause mutations, lead to cell death and may be implicated in cardiovascular disease.		OXYBENZONE (BENZOPHENONE-3), OCTINOXATE (OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at low doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		PHYTONADIONE