Encoura Insect Repellent || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

ENCOURA INSECT REPELLENT

last updated: 08/16/07 brand: Encoura by Encoura, Inc.

SCORE

low hazard (out of 10)

94%

data gap

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40% of insect/pest repellants have lower concerns

COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-compliant: This company has signed the Compact for Safe Cosmetics but has not met minimum requirements.

Animal Testing Policy
This company's animal testing policy is unknown.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Enhanced skin absorption, Occupational hazards

Ingredients from packaging: Aloe Vera, Glycerine, Essential Oils of Citronella, Cedarwood, Lavender, Patchouli, Rosemary, Teatree, Sandalwood, Ginger, Peppermint, Thyme, Eucalyptus, Lemongrass, Cajuput and lime

Directions from packaging: Use to repel a variety of bugs. Shake, aim and spray onto desired areas. If using on face, spray onto fingertips and apply. Avoid contact with eyes and mouth. External use only.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
MELALEUCA LEUCADENDRON (CAJUPUT) OIL	2	87%	Multiple, additive exposure sources
GLYCERIN	2	74%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
PEPPERMINT (MENTHA PIPERITA)	1	75%	Enhanced skin absorption
ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA)	1	72%	none identified
CEDARWOOD	0	100%	none identified
CITRONELLA	0	100%	none identified
CYMBOPOGON SCHOENANTHUS (LEMONGRASS)	0	100%	none identified
MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA (TEA TREE)	0	100%	none identified
POGOSTEMON CABLIN (PATCHOULI)	0	100%	none identified
SANTALUM ALBUM (SANDALWOOD)	0	100%	none identified
ZINGIBER OFFICINALE (GINGER)	0	100%	none identified
CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA LIME	0	100%	none identified
EUCALYPTUS	0	100%	none identified
LAVENDER	0	100%	none identified
ROSEMARY	0	100%	none identified
THYME	0	100%	none identified

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more in vitro tests non-mammalian cells show positive mutation results		ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA)
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		GLYCERIN

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		GLYCERIN

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		PEPPERMINT (MENTHA PIPERITA), ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA)

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		MELALEUCA LEUCADENDRON (CAJUPUT) OIL, GLYCERIN

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses		GLYCERIN

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show liver effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		MELALEUCA LEUCADENDRON (CAJUPUT) OIL
One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at very low doses		GLYCERIN

Multiple, additive exposure sources*

*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		THYME, ROSEMARY, PEPPERMINT (MENTHA PIPERITA), LAVENDER, ZINGIBER OFFICINALE (GINGER), SANTALUM ALBUM (SANDALWOOD), CYMBOPOGON SCHOENANTHUS (LEMONGRASS), GLYCERIN, CITRONELLA, ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA)
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		MELALEUCA LEUCADENDRON (CAJUPUT) OIL

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		GLYCERIN

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Missing safety data noted by cosmetic industry review		ALOE BARBADENSIS (ALOE VERA)
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		THYME, ROSEMARY, LAVENDER, CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA, MELALEUCA LEUCADENDRON (CAJUPUT) OIL, EUCALYPTUS, ZINGIBER OFFICINALE (GINGER), SANTALUM ALBUM (SANDALWOOD), POGOSTEMON CABLIN (PATCHOULI), MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA (TEA TREE), CYMBOPOGON SCHOENANTHUS (LEMONGRASS), GLYCERIN, CITRONELLA, CEDARWOOD

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		GLYCERIN

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		GLYCERIN