Bite Blocker Herbal Insect Repellent Spray, 8hrs. (2007 formulation) || Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews

BITE BLOCKER HERBAL INSECT REPELLENT SPRAY, 8HRS. (2007 FORMULATION)

last updated: 08/23/07 brand: Bite Blocker by HOMS, LLC

SCORE

low hazard (out of 10)

73%

data gap

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COMPANY POLICIES

Compact for Safe Cosmetics
Non-signer: This company has not signed the Compact.

Animal Testing Policy
This company's animal testing policy is unknown.

Given the incomplete information made available by companies and the government, EWG provides additional information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature. The chart below indicates that research studies have found that exposure to one or more ingredients in this product -- not the product itself -- caused the indicated health effect(s) in the studies reviewed by Skin Deep researchers. Actual health risks, if any, will vary based on the level of exposure to the ingredient and individual susceptibility -- information not available in Skin Deep.

Ingredients in this product are linked to:
	Cancer
	Developmental/reproductive toxicity
	Violations, restrictions & warnings
	Allergies/immunotoxicity
	Other concerns for ingredients used in this product: Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Multiple, additive exposure sources, Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns, Occupational hazards

Ingredients from packaging: Soybean Oil (2.0%), Geranium Oil (5%), Inert Ingredients (93%): Purified Water, Coconut Oil, Glycerin, Lecithin, Citric Acid, Sodium Bicarbonate & Vanillin.

Directions from packaging: For external use only. Apply liberal quantity to exposed skin. Rub in well. Reapply as needed.

Warnings from packaging: Do not apply to young children's hands. If skin or eye irritation occurs follow first aid and precautionary statements. Disposal: Do not reuse container. Wrap container and put in trash collection. CAUTION: Not for ingestion Precautionary Statements: Irritation to eyes and lips. Avoid contact with these areas. IF IN EYES OR ON LIPS: Wash thoroughly with gentle flowing water. If irritaion persists, get medical attention. Irritation, Rash or Allergic Reaction may occur to skin of sensitive individuals. IF ANY OF THESE OCCUR: Discontinue use of product and wash throughly with soap and water. If irritation persists, get medical attention.

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ingredients

	score	data gap	concerns
LECITHIN	3	70%	Multiple, additive exposure sources, Enhanced skin absorption, Contamination concerns (NITROSAMINES)
CITRIC ACID	2	72%	Violations, restrictions & warnings
VANILLIN	2	82%	none identified
SODIUM BICARBONATE	2	80%	none identified
GLYCERIN	2	74%	Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT) OIL	1	89%	none identified
GLYCINE SOJA (SOYBEAN) OIL	1	88%	none identified
PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS (GERANIUM) OIL	0	100%	none identified
WATER	0	0%	innocuous

Cancer*

*This table includes all possible cancer concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more in vitro tests non-mammalian cells show positive mutation results		GLYCINE SOJA (SOYBEAN) OIL
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results		VANILLIN, SODIUM BICARBONATE, GLYCERIN

Developmental/reproductive toxicity*

*This table includes all possible developmental/reproductive toxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show reproductive effects at moderate doses		GLYCERIN, SODIUM BICARBONATE, VANILLIN

Violations, restrictions & warnings*

*This table includes all possible violations, restrictions & warnings concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications		LECITHIN
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics		CITRIC ACID

Neurotoxicity*

*This table includes all possible neurotoxicity concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at high doses		SODIUM BICARBONATE, GLYCERIN
One or more animal studies show brain and nervous system effects at moderate doses		LECITHIN, VANILLIN

Endocrine disruption*

*This table includes all possible endocrine disruption concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses		GLYCERIN

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)*

*This table includes all possible organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show liver effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT) OIL, GLYCINE SOJA (SOYBEAN) OIL
One or more animal studies show cardiovascular effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)		SODIUM BICARBONATE, VANILLIN, CITRIC ACID
One or more animal studies show kidney or renal system effects at very low doses		GLYCERIN

Multiple, additive exposure sources*

*This table includes all possible multiple, additive exposure sources concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food		VANILLIN, SODIUM BICARBONATE, LECITHIN, GLYCERIN, COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT) OIL, CITRIC ACID
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		LECITHIN

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)*

*This table includes all possible irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses		SODIUM BICARBONATE, GLYCERIN, CITRIC ACID

Data gaps*

*This table includes all possible data gaps concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS (GERANIUM) OIL, VANILLIN
Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product		SODIUM BICARBONATE
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel		GLYCINE SOJA (SOYBEAN) OIL, GLYCERIN, COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT) OIL, CITRIC ACID

Occupational hazards*

*This table includes all possible occupational hazards concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to moderate doses		GLYCERIN

Biochemical or cellular level changes*

*This table includes all possible biochemical or cellular level changes concerns for the ingredients used by this manufacturer. Some categorizations depend on how the product is used or formulated.

type of concern	product conditions	ingredient(s)
One or more animal studies show biochemical changes at high doses where the human health implications are not yet well understood		SODIUM BICARBONATE, GLYCERIN, CITRIC ACID